<b>Somatic embryogenesis in anthurium (<i>Anthurium andraeanum</i> cv. Eidibel) as affected by different explants</b> - doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v36i1.16557

Abstract

ABSTRACT. This study establishes a protocol for the induction of somatic embryogenesis in Anthurium andraeanum cv. Eidibel. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized 5 x 5 x 5 factorial design using five explant types (whole leaves, half leaves; petiole; nodal segments and root segments) from in vitro plantlets; five auxins: indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (Picloram); at five concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 μM), with five replications using five Petri dishes. The cultures were maintained in a growth room at 25 ± 2ºC in the dark. The explant type was investigated for the induction of somatic embryogenesis in anthurium cv. Eidibel, and nodal segments were shown to be the most suitable explant for this process. After 60 days in culture, the highest number of embryogenic calli was recorded for the nodal segments cultured in NAA (5, 7.5 and 10 μM), 2,4-D (10 μM) and Picloram (7.5 and 10 μM). The histological analysis confirmed the presence of embryos with established polarization, procambium, ground meristem and protoderm in the nodal segments cultured in Pierik medium containing 10 μM NAA. After the conversion of the somatic embryos into plantlets, these plantlets were acclimatized transferred to in vivo conditions and grown into normal plants.

Direct somatic embryogenesis and genetic homogeneity assessment of regenerated plants of Anthurium andraeanum Linden cv. Fantasia

“…Generally, auxin is used for the conversion of somatic cells to embryogenic cells. Pinheiro et al (2014) demonstrated that in A. andraeanum, Pierik basal medium (Pierik et al 1974) supplemented either with NAA, or Picloram or 2,4-D produced highest number of SEs from callus. However, direct somatic embryogenesis using leaf explants in Anthurium requires both NAA (2.68 μM) and BA (0.27 μM) in the presence of sucrose (58.4 mM).…”

“…Kuehnle et al (1992) firstly reported somatic embryogenesis from leaf blade-derived embryogenic calli, and the histological evidence for bipolar structure of somatic embryos (SEs) and their origin was put forward by Matsumoto et al (1996). Pinheiro et al (2013Pinheiro et al ( , 2014 ascertained SE development and their maturation from nodal segment-derived callus and compared the effectiveness of different explants during embryogenesis. Somatic embryogenesis from callus culture is often associated with genetic and cytological variation (Larkin and Scowcroft 1981;Skirvin et al 1994) which is not always desirable.…”

Anthurium in vitro: A review

“…Therefore, the type, size, age, position and orientation of explant used in plant tissue culture and in the multiplication stage (Stage II) of micropropagation are all of great importance Raad et al, 2012b;Pinheiro et al, 2013;Cardoso and Habermann, 2014;Pinheiro et al, 2014). Explants also have different demands for in vitro conditions, like PGRs, nutrient composition of the medium, temperature or light (Gahan and George, 2008;Pinheiro et al, 2013;Cardoso and Habermann, 2014).…”

“…However, Xu et al (2010) reported some physiological and biochemical characteristics of different developmental stages of somatic embryogenesis of A. andraeanum 'Amigo' and found that the embryogenic callus formation stage was important for the regulation of somatic embryogenesis. A recent study by Pinheiro et al (2014) on A. andraeanum 'Eidibel' showed how the choice of explant, in this case nodal segments, being a superior explant, could influence the outcome of somatic embryogenesis.…”

Morphogenesis and plant regeneration from Anthurium andreanum cv Calypso leaf explant

“…Somatic embryogenesis has been described from nodal segments of A. andreanum cv. Eidibel through culture in Pierik medium supplemented with 10 µM α-naphthalene (ANA) (Pinheiro, 2014). In A. andreanum Calypso, the 2, 4-D induced somatic embryogenesis in combination with TDZ.…”