&lt;b&gt;Determination of endogenous IAA and carbohydrates during the induction and development of protocorm-like bodies of &lt;i&gt;Cattleya tigrina&lt;/i&gt; A. Richard

Conti, Daniela; Corredor-Prado, Jenny Paola; Roecker, Djalma; Suzuki, Rogério Mamoru; Guerra, Miguel Pedro; Pescador, Rosete

doi:10.4025/actascibiolsci.v40i1.37874

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…However, the total soluble carbohydrate content varied during the induction and development of protocorm-like bodies of Cattleya tigrina cultured in vitro. A decline of the soluble sugar concentration was observed only on the 100th day of culture (De Conti et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Carbohydrates stimulated Amaryllidaceae alkaloids biosynthesis inLeucojum aestivumL. plants cultured in RITA^®bioreactor

Ptak

Morańska

Skrzypek

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Background Leucojum aestivum L. is an important medicinal plant which produces Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, especially galanthamine and lycorine. Research is currently exploring the possibility of producing these alkaloids using biotechnological methods, including in vitro cultures. The biosynthesis of alkaloids may be affected by the types and concentrations of carbohydrate sources used in the medium. In the present investigation we performed such studies on in vitro cultures of L. aestivum with a view to obtaining plant material of good quality, characterized, in particular, by a high content of valuable Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. Methods We examined the effects of various types of carbohydrate sources—sucrose, glucose, fructose and maltose—at different concentrations (30, 60 and 90 g/L)—on the quality of L. aestivum plants grown in the RITA® bioreactor. The plants’ quality was assessed by their biomass increments, as well by as analysing photosynthetic pigments, endogenous sugar, phenolics and Amaryllidaceae alkaloid content. We also investigated the effect of sugars on the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results The highest biomass increments were observed in plants cultivated in the medium containing 90 g/L sucrose. The highest CAT activity was noted in cultures growing in the medium supplemented with 90 g/L maltose, while the highest POD activity was observed in the presence of 90 g/L fructose and 60 g/L maltose. No differences in SOD activity were observed. Moreover, the sugars did not affect the contents of chlorophyll a and carotenoids, whereas the highest amount of chlorophyll b was recorded in plants growing in the medium with 60 g/L maltose. No statistically significant differences were observed in the contents of endogenous sugars and phenolics in any in vitro conditions. However, the addition of sugar had a decisive effect on the biosynthesis of the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. The highest distribution of alkaloids occurred in plants cultured in the medium containing 60 g/L sucrose. Six Amaryllidaceae alkaloids were detected in the plant tissue. The addition of 30 g/L fructose in the medium resulted in the accumulation of five alkaloids, including ismine, which was not identified in other analysed tissues. The highest concentration of galanthamine was observed in plants cultured in the presence of 30 g/L fructose and 60 g/L sucrose (39.2 and 37.5 µg/g of dry weight (DW), respectively). The plants grown in the medium containing 60 g/L sucrose exhibited the highest lycorine content (1048 µg/g of DW). Conclusions The type and concentration of sugar used in the medium have an essential influence on the biosynthesis of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in L. aestivum plants cultured in a RITA® bioreactor. The results point to an interesting approach for commercial production of galanthamine and lycorine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Carbohydrates stimulated Amaryllidaceae alkaloids biosynthesis inLeucojum aestivumL. plants cultured in RITA^®bioreactor

Ptak

Morańska

Skrzypek

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…The accumulation of IAA might contribute to shoots emergence from PLBs. In Cattleya tigrine , a similarly significant rise of endogenous IAA content occurred when PLBs differentiated into shoots [ 53 ]. Besides the absolute contents, the transportation and distribution of auxin are crucial for PLB formation and shoot development [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of phytohormone and transcriptome profiles during protocorm-like bodies development of Paphiopedilum

et al. 2021

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Background Paphiopedilum, commonly known as slipper orchid, is an important genus of orchid family with prominent horticultural value. Compared with conventional methods such as tillers and in vitro shoots multiplication, induction and regeneration of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) is an effective micropropagation method in Paphiopedilum. The PLB initiation efficiency varies among species, hybrids and varieties, which leads to only a few Paphiopedilum species can be large-scale propagated through PLBs. So far, little is known about the mechanisms behind the initiation and maintenance of PLB in Paphiopedilum. Results A protocol to induce PLB development from seed-derived protocorms of Paphiopedilum SCBG Huihuang90 (P. SCBG Prince × P. SCBG Miracle) was established. The morphological characterization of four key PLB developmental stages showed that significant polarity and cell size gradients were observed within each PLB. The endogenous hormone level was evaluated. The increase in the levels of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and jasmonic acid (JA) accompanying the PLBs differentiation, suggesting auxin and JA levels were correlated with PLB development. Gibberellic acid (GA) decreased to a very low level, indicated that GA inactivation may be necessary for shoot apical meristem (SAM) development. Comparative transcriptomic profiles of four different developmental stages of P. SCBG Huihuang90 PLBs explore key genes involved in PLB development. The numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in three pairwise comparisons (A vs B, B vs C, C vs D) were 1455, 349, and 3529, respectively. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were implicated in secondary metabolite metabolism and photosynthesis. DEGs related to hormone metabolism and signaling, somatic embryogenesis, shoot development and photosynthesis were discussed in detail. Conclusion This study is the first report on PLB development in Paphiopedilum using transcriptome sequencing, which provides useful information to understand the mechanisms of PLB development.

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“…The supplementation of sucrose or sugar is essential to stimulate axillary bud growth in vitro [47]. Sucrose in the cultivation media may increase the endogenous levels of carbohydrates, such as sucrose, glucose, fructose, and starch [48,49], and plant hormones, such as IAA, isopentenyl adenine riboside 5 -monophosphate, isopentenyl adenine riboside, isopentenyl adenine, zeatin riboside 5 -monophosphate, and zeatin riboside [50], that are important for various phases of plant growth. Starch accumulation is a prerequisite for shoot initiation in numerous plants [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activity in Callus, Somaclonal Variant, and Normal Green Shoot Tissues of Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don

Lee

Zengin

et al. 2020

Molecules

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This study aimed to investigate the impact of plant growth regulators, sucrose concentration, and the number of subcultures on axillary shoot multiplication, in vitro flowering, and somaclonal variation and to assess the phytochemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and enzyme inhibitory potential of in vitro-established callus, somaclonal variant, and normal green shoots of Catharanthus roseus. The highest shoot induction rate (95.8%) and highest number of shoots (23.6), with a mean length of 4.5 cm, were attained when the C. roseus nodal explants (0.6–1 cm in length) were cultivated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2 µM thidiazuron, 1 µM 2-(1-naphthyl) acetic acid (NAA), and 4% sucrose. The in vitro flowering of C. roseus was affected by sucrose, and the number of subcultures had a significant effect on shoot multiplication and somaclonal variation. The highest levels of phenolics and flavonoids were found in normal green shoots, followed by those in somaclonal variant shoots and callus. The phytochemicals in C. roseus extracts were qualified using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 39, 55, and 59 compounds were identified in the callus, somaclonal variant shoot, and normal green shoot tissues, respectively. The normal green shoot extracts exhibited the best free radical scavenging ability and reducing power activity. The strongest acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects were found in the callus, with an IC50 of 0.65 mg/mL.

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<b>Determination of endogenous IAA and carbohydrates during the induction and development of protocorm-like bodies of <i>Cattleya tigrina</i> A. Richard

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Carbohydrates stimulated Amaryllidaceae alkaloids biosynthesis inLeucojum aestivumL. plants cultured in RITA^®bioreactor

Carbohydrates stimulated Amaryllidaceae alkaloids biosynthesis inLeucojum aestivumL. plants cultured in RITA^®bioreactor

Characterization of phytohormone and transcriptome profiles during protocorm-like bodies development of Paphiopedilum

Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activity in Callus, Somaclonal Variant, and Normal Green Shoot Tissues of Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don

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<b>Determination of endogenous IAA and carbohydrates during the induction and development of protocorm-like bodies of <i>Cattleya tigrina</i> A. Richard

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Carbohydrates stimulated Amaryllidaceae alkaloids biosynthesis inLeucojum aestivumL. plants cultured in RITA®bioreactor

Carbohydrates stimulated Amaryllidaceae alkaloids biosynthesis inLeucojum aestivumL. plants cultured in RITA®bioreactor

Characterization of phytohormone and transcriptome profiles during protocorm-like bodies development of Paphiopedilum

Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activity in Callus, Somaclonal Variant, and Normal Green Shoot Tissues of Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don

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Carbohydrates stimulated Amaryllidaceae alkaloids biosynthesis inLeucojum aestivumL. plants cultured in RITA^®bioreactor

Carbohydrates stimulated Amaryllidaceae alkaloids biosynthesis inLeucojum aestivumL. plants cultured in RITA^®bioreactor