<b>Cytotoxicity of erythrosine (E-127), brilliant blue (E-133) and red 40 (E-129) food dyes in a plant test system</b> - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v35i4.18419

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The objective of this work was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the food dyes erythrosine, brilliant blue and red 40 on the cell cycle of Allium cepa L. Each dye was evaluated at doses of 0.4 and 4.0 ml, at exposure times of 24 and 48 hours, in onion root tip cells. Cells and the presence of chromosomal aberrations were analyzed throughout the whole cell cycle, totaling 5,000 cells for each group of bulbs. The mitotic index was calculated and the statistical analysis was conducted through the Chi-square test (p < 0.05). From the obtained results, it was verified that the food additives erythrosine and brilliant blue were not cytotoxic to the cells of the test system. However, the red 40 dye, at the two evaluated doses and the two exposure times used in this bioassay have promoted a significant reduction in cell division and induced the emergence of anaphasic and telophasic bridge aberrations and micronucleated cells. Additional cytotoxicity studies should be conducted to add information to these and other previously obtained results in order to evaluate, with property, the action of these three dyes on a cellular level.Keywords: food additive, dye toxicity, Allium cepa.Citotoxicidade dos corantes alimentares erythrosine (E-127), azul brilhante (E-133) e red 40 (E-129) em sistema-teste vegetal RESUMO. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito citotóxico dos corantes alimentares eritrosina, azul brilhante e vermelho 40 sobre o ciclo celular de Allium cepa L. Cada corante foi avaliado nas doses de 0,4 e 4,0mL, nos tempos de exposição de 24 e 48h, em células meristemáticas de raízes de cebolas. Foram analisadas células em todo o ciclo celular e a presença de aberrações cromossômicas, totalizando 5.000 células para cada grupo de bulbos. Calculou-se o índice mitótico e a análise estatística foi feita por meio do teste Qui-quadrado (p < 0,05). A partir dos resultados obtidos, verificou-se que os aditivos alimentares eritrosina e azul brilhante não foram citotóxicos às células do sistema-teste em questão. Já o corante vermelho 40, nas duas doses avaliadas e nos dois tempos de exposição estipulados para este bioensaio, promoveu redução significativa da divisão celular e induziu o aparecimento de aberrações dos tipos ponte anafásica, ponte telofásica e célula micronucleada. Estudos adicionais de citotoxicidade devem ser conduzidos para se somar a estes para assim avaliar, com propriedade, a ação destes três corantes em nível celular.Palavras-chave: aditivo alimentar, toxicidade de corante, Allium cepa.

Toxicidade De Bebidas Lácteas Achocolatadas Do Tipo Não Fermentadas Em Tecido De Intensa Proliferação Celular

“…Entre as consequências descritas estão o desenvolvimento ou potencialização de alergias crônicas, distúrbios gastrointestinais e alterações do sistema nervoso central (Gomes et al, 2013;Oliveira et al, 2013;Neves et al, 2013;Moura et al, 2016). Dessa forma, as agências de vigilância alimentar, como o Codex Alimentarius e a European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), ressaltam em seus regulamentos técnicos a necessidade constante de estudos citotoxicológicos de efeito agudo dos aditivos alimentares em geral, e, especialmente, dos alimentos industrializados compostos por eles (Bianchi et al, 2015;Sales et al, 2016).…”

Acute Toxicity of Grape, Plum and Orange Synthetic Food Flavourings Evaluated in in vivo Test Systems

“…These changes can signifi cantly impair cell division of the aff ected tissue or organ, and trigger and/or potentiate cancerous processes (10)(11)(12). According to Zaineddin et al (13), Moura et al (1) and Santana et al (14), the development of the most common types of cancer results from the interaction between endogenous and environmental factors, remarkably the diet, particularly when composed of processed foods in excess.…”

Cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic potential of UHT whole milk

“…This test system is internationally accepted by research agencies as an assessment tool with accurate sensitivity for analysis of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and mutagenicity of the substance of interest, since the results obtained mostly show satisfactory similarity to those obtained via animal testing systems and cell cultures (Herrero et al, 2012;Lacerda et al, 2014;Tabrez et al, 2011;Gomes et al, 2013;Dliveira et al, 2013;Campos-Ventura et al, 2016;Moura et al, 2016;Santana et al, 2016;Bezerra et al, 2016;Nunes et al, 2016).…”

“…Bodies, such as Codex Alimentarius and the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), point out in their technical regulations the constant need for toxicological studies on the acute effect of food microingredients in general, and especially of foods containing these compounds, since many food additives, such as those with wetting, stabilizing and antioxidant action, have not been evaluated for their cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic potential (Gomes et al, 2013;Dliveira et al, 2013;Marques et al, 2015;Moura et al, 2016;Nunes et al, 2016). Also, they emphasize that the results of toxicological analyses are the basis for preparation or modification of documents that regulate the basic composition and the daily intake rate or consumption of semi-processed and processed foods (Brasil, 2007;Moura et al, 2016;.…”