LSO/LYSO Crystals for Calorimeters in Future HEP Experiments

Zhang, Liyuan; Mao, Rihua; Yang, F.; Zhu, R. Y.

doi:10.1109/tns.2013.2279993

Cited by 43 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Because of these damages, the CMS endcap PWO ECAL is proposed to be replaced by using more radiation hard technologies [11], one of which is a LYSO crystal-based Shashlik sampling calorimeter [12].…”

Section: Performance Of Pwo Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of their high density (7.4 g cm −3 ), short radiation length (1.14 cm), fast (40 ns) and bright (4 times BGO) scintillation, cerium-doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate (Lu 2 SiO 5 :Ce, LSO) [13] and lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate (Lu 2(1−x) Y 2x SiO 5 :Ce, LYSO) [14,15] crystals have attracted a broad interest in the high-energy physics community pursuing precision electromagnetic calorimeter for future high-energy physics experiments [12,[16][17][18][19]. Their excellent radiation hardness against gamma rays [15,20], neutrons [17] and charged hadrons [10] also makes them a preferred material for calorimeters to be operated in a severe radiation environment, such as the HL-LHC.…”

Section: Radiation Hard Lyso/lso Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 7 shows light output (LO) and light response uniformity (LRU) for a 280-mm-long LYSO crystal before and after several steps of the γ -ray irradiations with integrated dose of 10 2 , 10 4 and 10 6 rad [21]. About 14% LO loss is Figure 9 shows a LYSO crystal-based Shashlik calorimeter detector concept with four evenly distributed wavelength shifting (WLS) fibers for readout and a monitoring fiber at the center [12]. This detector concept reduces the crystal volume and cost, and improves the radiation hardness of the calorimeter because of the much reduced light path.…”

Section: Radiation Hard Lyso/lso Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The next generation of crystal detectors

Zhu

2017

Radiat Detect Technol Methods

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Background In high-energy and nuclear physics experiments, total absorption electromagnetic calorimeters made of inorganic crystals are known for their superb energy resolution and detection efficiency for photon and electron measurements. A crystal calorimeter is thus the choice for those experiments where precision measurements of photons and electrons are crucial for their physics missions. It is also known that the existing crystal detectors are neither bright nor fast enough nor radiation hard enough to survive severe radiation environment expected in future HEP experiments. Crystal detectors have also been proposed to build a homogeneous hadron calorimeter to achieve unprecedented jet mass resolution by duel readout of both Cherenkov and scintillation light, where the development of cost-effective crystal detectors is a crucial issue because of the 100 cubic meters crystal volume required. Purpose To develop novel inorganic crystal scintillatorbased detector concepts for future HEP experiments at the energy and intensity frontiers. Methods Optical and scintillation properties of novel inorganic crystal scintillators, such as excitation, emission and transmittance spectra, light output and decay time, are characterized before and after irradiation by ionization dose and hadrons. Their performance and radiation hardness are compared to the requirements, and feedback is given to the crystal manufacturers for quality improvement. Results As a result of this investigation, several inorganic crystal scintillator-based detector concepts are established for future HEP experiments, such as an LSO/LYSO crystalbased total absorption and/or sampling calorimeter concept, a barium fluoride crystal-based very fast crystal calorimeter concept, and a cost-effective inorganic scintillator-based homogeneous hadron calorimeter concept. Conclusion Bright, fast and radiation hard LYSO/LSO crystals may be used for a total absorption ECAL. An LYSO/W Shashlik sampling calorimeter will survive the harsh radiation environment expected at the HL-LHC. With sub-ns decay time of its fast scintillation component and excellent radiation hardness, barium fluoride crystals would provide more than ten times faster rate and timing capability, provided that their slow scintillation component is effectively suppressed to avoid pileup. PbF2, PbFCl and BSO crystals may provide a foundation for a homogeneous hadron calorimeter with dual readout for both Cherenkov and scintillation light to achieve unprecedented jet mass resolution for future lepton colliders.

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Section: Performance Of Pwo Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Radiation Hard Lyso/lso Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Radiation Hard Lyso/lso Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The next generation of crystal detectors

Zhu

2017

Radiat Detect Technol Methods

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“…Because of their high density (7.4 g/cm 3 ), short radiation length (1.14 cm), fast (40 ns) and bright (4 times BGO) scintillation, cerium doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate (Lu2SiO5:Ce, LSO) [13] and lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate (Lu2(1−x)Y2xSiO5:Ce, LYSO) [14,15] crystals have attracted a broad interest in the high energy physics community pursuing precision electromagnetic calorimeter for future high energy physics experiments [12,[16][17][18][19]. Their excellent radiation hardness against gamma-rays [15,20], neutrons [17] and charged hadrons [10] also makes them a preferred material for calorimeters to be operated in a severe radiation environment, such as the HL-LHC.…”

Section: Radiation Hard Lyso/lso Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results as well as the irradiation by 24 GeV protons of up to a fluence of 10 14 cm -2 [10] demonstrate the excellent radiation hardness of LYSO crystals. Figure 9 shows a LYSO crystal based Shashlik calorimeter detector concept with four evenly distributed wavelength shifting (WLS) fibers for readout and a monitoring fiber at the center [12]. This detector concept reduces the crystal volume and cost, and improves the radiation hardness of the calorimeter because of the much reduced light path.…”

Section: Radiation Hard Lyso/lso Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The next generation of crystal detectors

Zhu

2015

Hard X-Ray, Gamma-Ray, and Neutron Detector Physics XVII

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Crystal detectors have been used widely in high energy and nuclear physics experiments, medical instruments and homeland security applications. Novel crystal detectors are continuously being discovered and developed in academia and in industry. In high energy and nuclear physics experiments, total absorption electromagnetic calorimeters (ECAL) made of inorganic crystals are known for their superb energy resolution and detection efficiency for photon and electron measurements. A crystal ECAL is thus the choice for those experiments where precision measurements of photons and electrons are crucial for their physics missions. For future HEP experiments at the energy and intensity frontiers, however, the crystal detectors used in the above mentioned ECALs are either not bright and fast enough, or not radiation hard enough. Crystal detectors have also been proposed to build a Homogeneous Hadron Calorimeter (HHCAL) to achieve unprecedented jet mass resolution by duel readout of both Cherenkov and scintillation light, where development of cost-effective crystal detectors is a crucial issue because of the huge crystal volume required. This paper discusses several R&D directions for the next generation of crystal detectors for future HEP experiments.Keywords: Crystal, scintillator, calorimeter, radiation damage, fast timing INTRODUCTIONCrystal detectors have been used widely in high energy and nuclear physics experiments, medical instruments and homeland security applications. Novel crystal detectors are continuously being discovered and developed in academia and industry.

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Applications of Very Fast Inorganic Crystal Scintillators in Future HEP Experiments

Zhu

2018

Springer Proceedings in Physics

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LSO/LYSO Crystals for Calorimeters in Future HEP Experiments

Cited by 43 publications

References 10 publications

The next generation of crystal detectors

The next generation of crystal detectors

The next generation of crystal detectors

Applications of Very Fast Inorganic Crystal Scintillators in Future HEP Experiments

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