LQG control of linear lossless positive-real systems: the continuous-time and discrete-time cases

Abstract

Lossless positive-real systems have been widely studied in the literature. They are systems in which the energy is entirely transferred between input and output. In this paper, new aspects related to the linear quadratic gaussian (LQG) control of lossless positive-real systems are reported including both the continuous-time and the discrete-time cases. Direct formulas for the calculation of the optimal gains will be introduced and the properties of the different structures of the LQG compensator obtained for the continuous-time and the discrete-time cases will be emphasized, also in view of designing positive-real LQG compensators. Numerical examples related to low-damped structures are also discussed to verify the possibility to design the LQG compensator on the basis of a lossless approximation.

A Filtering Switch Made by an Improved Coupled Microstrip Line

“…In this case, part of the passband range is within the low frequency band of 700 MHz, and the relative bandwidth of 44.5% can cover most of the band; therefore, the prototype is expected to be applied to the 700 MHz band in 5G communication. For the uncontrollable losses that appear above, we will refer to the work on LQG control of linear lossless positive-real systems [20] in our subsequent work to optimize and improve our prototype design, so that it can achieve better operating performance in the future.…”