“…Such insights are paramount for the development of high-performance catalysts that align with the sustainability objectives of contemporary society. − One notable application lies in the production of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) through acetylene hydrochlorination, a process historically reliant on mercury-based catalysts fraught with substantial health and environmental risks. − The transition to a sustainable production process necessitates economically viable alternative catalysts. Carbon-supported gold-based catalysts have emerged as prominent contenders, exhibiting significant activity thanks to recent strides in controlling their atomic architecture. − Nonetheless, gold-based catalysts often face deactivation from the active metal site reduction, agglomeration, or fouling. To enhance catalyst stability, various strategies have been devised, including the utilization of organic ligands with soft donor atoms, , ionic liquids, ,, additional metals or promoters, , and functionalized supports. , …”