Lower tropospheric ozone at northern midlatitudes: Changing seasonal cycle

Parrish, D. D.; Law, Kathy S.; Staehelin, J.; Derwent, R.G.; Cooper, O. R.; Tanimoto, Hiroshi; Volz‐Thomas, A.; Gilge, Stefan; Scheel, H. E.; Steinbacher, Martin; Chan, Elton

doi:10.1002/grl.50303

Cited by 112 publications

(125 citation statements)

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“…Meanwhile, in East Asia, surface ozone is generally increasing where ozone precursor emissions are growing. Parrish et al (2013) demonstrate that another manifestation of changes in tropospheric O 3 is a shift of the seasonal cycle at northern mid-latitudes, so that the observed peak concentrations now appear earlier in the year than they did in previous decades (see Fig. 7).…”

Section: Changing Ozone -A Brief Historymentioning

confidence: 60%

“…The rate of this shift has been about 3 to 6 days per decade since the 1970s. Parrish et al (2013) put forward an untested hypothesis that this shift may be due to changes in atmospheric transport patterns combined with spatial and temporal changes in emissions. This study relied on three long-term (> 20 years) rural data sets in western Europe and one in the western USA.…”

Section: Changing Ozone -A Brief Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study relied on three long-term (> 20 years) rural data sets in western Europe and one in the western USA. Cooper et al (2014) also explored this topic using 21-year data sets from one additional site in western Europe and five additional sites in the USA, all in rural locations but more heavily influenced by regional ozone precursor emissions than those examined by Parrish et al (2013). Of these six sites only three showed an earlier seasonal ozone peak; therefore the seasonal shift in the ozone cycle is not universal for time periods of 21 years or less.…”

Section: Changing Ozone -A Brief Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Ozone holds a certain fascination in atmospheric science. It is ubiquitous in the atmosphere, central to tropospheric oxidation chemistry, yet harmful to human and ecosystem health as well as being an important greenhouse gas. It is not emitted into the atmosphere but is a byproduct of the very oxidation chemistry it largely initiates. Much effort is focused on the reduction of surface levels of ozone owing to its health and vegetation impacts, but recent efforts to achieve reductions in exposure at a country scale have proved difficult to achieve owing to increases in background ozone at the zonal hemispheric scale. There is also a growing realisation that the role of ozone as a short-lived climate pollutant could be important in integrated air quality climate change mitigation. This review examines current understanding of the processes regulating tropospheric ozone at global to local scales from both measurements and models. It takes the view that knowledge across the scales is important for dealing with air quality and climate change in a synergistic manner. The review shows that there remain a number of clear challenges for ozone such as explaining surface trends, incorporating new chemical understanding, ozone-climate coupling, and a better assessment of impacts. There is a clear and present need to treat ozone across the range of scales, a transboundary issue, but with an emphasis on the hemispheric scales. New observational opportunities are offered both by satellites and small sensors that bridge the scales.

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Section: Changing Ozone -A Brief Historymentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Changing Ozone -A Brief Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Changing Ozone -A Brief Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

et al. 2015

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“…The seasonal peak of ozone in the northern midlatitudes typically occurs in summer over populated continental areas, due to local and regional photochemical production and in late spring for remote continental areas, due to both enhanced stratospheric input and photochemical production in that season (Monks, 2000;Parrish et al, 2013). Recently, a shift in the seasonal peak towards an earlier time in year has been observed at several high elevation sites Parrish et al, 2013).…”

Section: Long-term Trends Of Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term trends of surface ozone and its influencing factors at the Mt Waliguan GAW station, China – Part 1: Overall trends and characteristics

Lin

et al. 2016

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

101

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Abstract. Tropospheric ozone is an important atmospheric oxidant, greenhouse gas and atmospheric pollutant at the same time. The oxidation capacity of the atmosphere, climate, human and vegetation health can be impacted by the increase of the ozone level. Therefore, long-term determination of trends of baseline ozone is highly needed information for environmental and climate change assessment. So far, studies on the long-term trends of ozone at representative sites are mainly available for European and North American sites. Similar studies are lacking for China and many other developing countries. Measurements of surface ozone were carried out at a baseline Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) station in the north-eastern Tibetan Plateau region (Mt Waliguan, 36 • 17 N, 100 • 54 E, 3816 m a.s.l.) for the period of 1994 to 2013. To uncover the variation characteristics, long-term trends and influencing factors of surface ozone at this remote site in western China, a two-part study has been carried out, with this part focusing on the overall characteristics of diurnal, seasonal and long-term variations and the trends of surface ozone. To obtain reliable ozone trends, we performed the Mann-Kendall trend test and the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) analysis on the ozone data. Our results confirm that the mountain-valley breeze plays an important role in the diurnal cycle of surface ozone at Waliguan, resulting in higher ozone values during the night and lower ones during the day, as was previously reported. Systematic diurnal and seasonal variations were found in mountain-valley breezes at the site, which were used in defining season-dependent daytime and nighttime periods for trend calculations. Significant positive trends in surface ozone were detected for both daytime (0.24 ± 0.16 ppbv year −1 ) and nighttime (0.28 ± 0.17 ppbv year −1 ). The largest nighttime increasing rate occurred in autumn (0.29 ± 0.11 ppbv year −1 ), followed by spring (0.24 ± 0.12 ppbv year −1 ), summer (0.22 ± 0.20 ppbv year −1 ) and winter (0.13 ± 0.10 ppbv year −1 ), respectively. The HHT spectral analysis identified four different stages with different positive trends, with the largest increase occurring around May 2000 and October 2010. The HHT results suggest that there were 2-4a, 7a and 11a periodicities in the time series of surface ozone at Waliguan. The results of this study can be used for assessments of climate and environment change and in the validation of chemistry-climate models.

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“…Carslaw (2005), Bloomer et al (2010), and Parrish et al (2013) found multidecadal changes in the amplitude and phase of the seasonal cycle at NH mid-latitudes. It was suggested that these changes can be attributed to changes in atmospheric transport patterns combined with spatial and temporal changes in emissions.…”

Section: Seasonal Variationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of ACCMIP ozone simulations and ozonesonde sampling biases using a satellite-based multi-constituent chemical reanalysis

Miyazaki

Bowman

2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The Atmospheric Chemistry Climate Model Intercomparison Project (ACCMIP) ensemble ozone simulations for the present day from the 2000 decade simulation results are evaluated by a state-of-the-art multi-constituent atmospheric chemical reanalysis that ingests multiple satellite data including the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES), the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), and the Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) for [2005][2006][2007][2008][2009]. Validation of the chemical reanalysis against global ozonesondes shows good agreement throughout the free troposphere and lower stratosphere for both seasonal and year-to-year variations, with an annual mean bias of less than 0.9 ppb in the middle and upper troposphere at the tropics and midlatitudes. The reanalysis provides comprehensive spatiotemporal evaluation of chemistry-model performance that compliments direct ozonesonde comparisons, which are shown to suffer from significant sampling bias. The reanalysis reveals that the ACCMIP ensemble mean overestimates ozone in the northern extratropics by 6-11 ppb while underestimating by up to 18 ppb in the southern tropics over the Atlantic in the lower troposphere. Most models underestimate the spatial variability of the annual mean lower tropospheric concentrations in the extratropics of both hemispheres by up to 70 %. The ensemble mean also overestimates the seasonal amplitude by 25-70 % in the northern extratropics and overestimates the inter-hemispheric gradient by about 30 % in the lower and middle troposphere. A part of the discrepancies can be attributed to the 5-year reanalysis data for the decadal model simulations. However, these differences are less evident with the current sonde network. To estimate ozonesonde sampling biases, we computed model bias separately for global coverage and the ozonesonde network. The ozonesonde sampling bias in the evaluated model bias for the seasonal mean concentration relative to global coverage is 40-50 % over the western Pacific and east Indian Ocean and reaches 110 % over the equatorial Americas and up to 80 % for the global tropics. In contrast, the ozonesonde sampling bias is typically smaller than 30 % for the Arctic regions in the lower and middle troposphere. These systematic biases have implications for ozone radiative forcing and the response of chemistry to climate that can be further quantified as the satellite observational record extends to multiple decades.

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Lower tropospheric ozone at northern midlatitudes: Changing seasonal cycle

Cited by 112 publications

References 38 publications

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

Long-term trends of surface ozone and its influencing factors at the Mt Waliguan GAW station, China – Part 1: Overall trends and characteristics

Evaluation of ACCMIP ozone simulations and ozonesonde sampling biases using a satellite-based multi-constituent chemical reanalysis

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