Lower serum free thyroxine levels are associated with metabolic syndrome in a Chinese population

Lin, Shih‐Yi; Wang, Yayu; Liu, Pi-Haw; Lai, Wen-An; Sheu, Wayne Huey‐Herng

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2005.05.020

Cited by 63 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Thyroid hormone stimulates the expression of uncoupling proteins in the mitochondria of fat and skeletal muscle, modulates adrenergic receptor numbers by enhancing the responsiveness of catecholamines, and controls metabolic and energy homeostasis (15,16). Previous epidemic studies have examined the relationship between hypothyroidism and NAFLD, including NASH, and several studies have shown that hypothyroidism is a risk factor for NAFLD and NASH (6-10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperthyroidism Improves the Pathological Condition of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Case of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis with Graves' Disease

et al. 2016

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Abstract3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine regulates the glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and hepatic steatosis. Several groups have shown the relationships between hypothyroidism and nonalcoholic fatty liver and hypothyroidism and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the effect of hyperthyroidism on NASH has not yet been investigated. We herein report effects of thyroid hormone on the pathological condition of NASH in a patient with NASH complicated by Graves' disease. In our case, the liver enzyme level improved with the increasing thyroid hormone level; however, the liver enzyme level was aggravated with the improving thyroid hormone level. Therefore, hyperthyroidism may improve the pathological condition of NASH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperthyroidism Improves the Pathological Condition of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Case of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis with Graves' Disease

et al. 2016

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“…Unlike TSH, data regarding the circulating levels of free thyroid hormones are discrepant between different studies, which reported either increased or decreased serum concentrations of FT 3 or FT 4 (3)(4)(5). Previous studies have shown that low normal free thyroid hormone levels and/or elevated TSH levels were significantly associated with MetS and its components (5)(6)(7)(24)(25)(26). In our study, we could not find an association between serum-free thyroid hormones (FT 4 and FT 3 ) and the presence of MetS diagnosis.…”

Section: Thyroid Nodulementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic syndrome and its components are associated with increased thyroid volume and nodule prevalence in a mild-to-moderate iodine-deficient area

Ayturk

Gürsoy

Kut

et al. 2009

European Journal of Endocrinology

182

146

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Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities with insulin resistance (IR) as a major component. It has been recently questioned whether MetS and its related components are associated with functional and morphological alterations of the thyroid gland. The aim of our study is to examine thyroid volume and nodule prevalence in a case-control study of patients with MetS in a mild-to-moderate iodine-deficient area. Design: Two hundred and seventy-eight patients with MetS were randomly matched for age, gender, and smoking habits with 261 subjects without MetS. Serum TSH, free tri-iodothyronine and thyroxine, and the level of IR, which was estimated by the homeostasis model assessment for IR, as well as other MetS parameters were evaluated. Thyroid ultrasonography was performed in all subjects. All subjects with thyroid nodules O1 cm were offered to undergo thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy. Results: TSH was significantly positively correlated with the presence of MetS diagnosis. There was no association between free thyroid hormone levels and MetS and its related components. Mean thyroid volume was significantly higher in patients with MetS than in controls (17.5G5.5 vs 12.2G4.2 ml, P!0.0001). Also the percentage of patients with thyroid nodules was significantly higher in patients with MetS (50.4 vs 14.6%, P!0.0001). Subjects were also divided into two groups according to the presence of IR. The group of subjects with IR had increased thyroid volume and nodule formation. The odds ratio for the development of thyroid nodule in the presence of IR was 3.2. TSH as well as all MetS components were found to be independent predictors for thyroid volume increase. IR but not TSH was found to be correlated with thyroid nodule formation. Thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 3 out of 38 patients with MetS who agreed to have a biopsy (7.9%). None of the subjects in the control group was diagnosed to have thyroid cancer. Conclusions:The results suggest that patients with MetS have significantly increased thyroid volume and nodule prevalence. Multivariate regression analysis model demonstrated that the presence of IR contributed substantially to this increased risk. Our data provide the first evidence that IR is an independent risk factor for nodule formation in an iodine-deficient environment.

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“…It was demonstrated that the activity of thyroid hormones affects the expression of factors regulating tissue sensitivity to insulin, including the β-2 adrenergic receptors and peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors (PPAR-γ) [16,17]. This correlation even occurs when thyroid function is within physiological limits and thyroid disorders may decrease tissue sensitivity to insulin [17,18].…”

Section: Prace Oryginalnementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic inflammation is considered responsible for this phenomenon, since increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as Il-6 or TNF-α, were observed in obese people with MetS [19]. Also, a study conducted by Shantha et al demonstrated that patients with MetS and subclinical hypothyroidism have significantly higher levels of an inflammation marker (hs CRP) [20], which may inhibit thyroid function by acting directly on this gland or via the hypothalamic pituitary axis [18].…”

Section: Prace Oryginalnementioning

confidence: 99%

Niedoczynność tarczycy u pacjentów z zespołem metabolicznym

Gierach

Junik

2015

Endokrynologia Polska

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Introduction: Metabolic syndrome involves abdominal obesity, arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes and lipid disorders manifested as atherogenic dyslipidaemia. Abnormal thyroid function affects the severity of MetS components, since regulating metabolism is one of the most important functions of thyroid hormones. In this study, we present the influence of hypothyroidism on lipid and carbohydrate disorders in patients with MetS. Material and methods: The described study was a prospective, two-centre screening study of 24-month duration. The study participants were 441 patients (350 women, 91 men, aged 28-82) with metabolic syndrome diagnosed according to the 2005 IDF. Results: By comparing the study and the control group, statistically significant differences were observed in the mean triglyceride levels (respectively 161,5 vs. 134,8 mg/dL, p = 0.047), mean fasting glycaemia (respectively 111,8 vs. 126,1 mg/dL, p = 0.044) and TG/HDL ratio (4,74 vs. 3,71, p = 0.043). Hypothyroidism shows a positive correlation with the TG levels and TG/HDL-C ratio and a negative correlation with the mean fasting glycaemia in people with MetS. A significantly higher TG/HDL-C ratio and lower mean insulin sensitivity ratio observed in men with hypothyroidism, indicated higher insulin resistance in men. Conclusions: In view of the above, it may be hypothesized that in patients with both MetS and hypothyroidism, especially of male gender, the risk of death of cardiovascular causes is greater due to the severity of MetS components. Moreover, we suggest that in patients recently diagnosed with MetS, active detection of hypothyroidism should be performed by determining the TSH levels, while patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism (apart from replacement therapy) should be monitored for the possible occurrence of MetS in the future.

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Lower serum free thyroxine levels are associated with metabolic syndrome in a Chinese population

Cited by 63 publications

References 36 publications

Hyperthyroidism Improves the Pathological Condition of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Case of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis with Graves' Disease

Hyperthyroidism Improves the Pathological Condition of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Case of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis with Graves' Disease

Metabolic syndrome and its components are associated with increased thyroid volume and nodule prevalence in a mild-to-moderate iodine-deficient area

Niedoczynność tarczycy u pacjentów z zespołem metabolicznym

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