Lower Plasma Levels of Antioxidant Vitamins in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Case Control Study

Abstract

blood pressure or hypertension treatment, fasting hyperglycemia or diagnosed type 2 diabetes, abnormal lipid profile (hypertriglyceridemia and/or low HDL-cholesterol) A -research concept and design; B -collection and/or assembly of data; C -data analysis and interpretation; D -writing the article; E -critical revision of the article; F -final approval of article AbstractBackground. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a coexistence of metabolic risk factors affecting the development of cardiovascular diseases. Reactive oxygen species, which are excessively produced in MS, participate in its pathogenesis. Vitamins A, C and E are an important part of the non-enzymatic antioxidative barrier in humans. Objectives. The aim of the study was to estimate plasma vitamin A, C and E levels and the intake of these vitamins from the diet in patients with MS. Material and Methods. The study included 182 patients with MS, 94 men and 88 women, aged 30-65 years (mean 57.31 ± 8.28 years). The control group was comprised of 91 subjects, 56 men and 35 women, aged 41-65 years (mean 57.75 ± 5.84 years). The MS diagnosis was based on IDF criteria. The determination of the serum level of vitamin A, C and E was performed using the spectrophotometric method. The food intake was assessed by 24-h dietary recall. Results. The mean plasma vitamin A, C and E levels were significantly lower in MS patients than in the controls (p = 0.05). No correlation was found between vitamin A, C and E intake from the diet and their plasma concentrations in MS patients. Plasma vitamin A, C and E deficiency was observed significantly more often in MS patients than in the control group (15.38% vs. 2.19%, 79.12% vs. 8.79% and 60.45% vs. 5.49%, p < 0.0001, respectively). BMI was the one factor significantly affecting the mean value of vitamin A, C and E levels in MS patients. Conclusions. MS patients demonstrated significantly lower plasma levels of vitamin A, C and E compared to the healthy subjects. Lower plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins with their high intake from the diet indicate antioxidant barrier impairment in MS patients (Adv Clin Exp Med 2016, 25, 4, 689-700).

The risks of ubiquinone and β-carotene deficiency and metabolic disorders in patients with oral cancer

“…Recently, a case-control study conducted by Godala et al revealed that patients with metabolic syndrome had a higher risk of antioxidant vitamins deficiency, particularly deficiencies in vitamin A, C, and E [18,32]. In the present study, we found that a high proportion of patients with oral cancer had β-carotene and ubiquinone deficiency (Fig.…”

“…Only one preliminary clinical study conducted by Folkers et al in 1997 measured the ubiquinone levels in five head and neck cancer patients and found a subsequent ubiquinone deficiency, which may lead to biochemical dysfunction [16]. Recently, studies have indicated that antioxidant vitamins status may be related to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome [17][18][19]. According to a community-based health survey conducted in Taiwan, metabolic syndrome and unhealthy behaviors were associated with pre-oral cancerous lesions in adults [20].…”

The risks of ubiquinone and b-carotene deficiency and metabolic disorders in patients with oral cancer

“…Recently, a case-control study conducted by Godala et al revealed that patients with metabolic syndrome had a higher risk of antioxidant vitamins deficiency, particularly deficiencies in vitamin A, C, and E [18,32]. In the present study, we found that a high proportion of patients with oral cancer had b-carotene and ubiquinone deficiency ( Fig.…”

Vitamin C Status Correlates with Markers of Metabolic and Cognitive Health in 50-Year-Olds: Findings of the CHALICE Cohort Study

“…Dakhale and coworkers show a small decrease in HbA1c and fasting blood glucose in individuals with type 2 diabetes after vitamin C supplementation of 1 g/day for 12 weeks [ 51 ]. Observational studies also provide evidence that low vitamin C status is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome [ 52 , 53 , 54 ].…”