Lower peripheral blood CD14+ monocyte frequency and higher CD34+ progenitor cell frequency are associated with HBV vaccine induced response in HIV infected individuals

Abstract

We evaluated immunologic predictors of response to HBV vaccine administered in the presence or absence of GM-CSF in HIV infected individuals. We measured peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitor, monocyte and myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) frequencies, and expression of GMCSF receptor on monocytes and MDSCs, at baseline and 4 weeks after immunization in relation to antibody response. We observed higher baseline progenitor and lower monocyte frequencies among week 16 antibody responders. Week 4 decline in MDSC frequency was associated with week 16 antibody response, while administration of GM-CSF was associated with preservation of these cells. No significant differences in GM-CSF receptor expression were observed in the presence vs. absence of GM-CSF. These findings are consistent with a positive role of progenitor cells and a potential negative role of monocytes in vaccine response. Additionally, GM-CSF augmented the preservation of peripheral blood MDSC, which may contribute to the lack of improved vaccine responses.

Immune activation alters cellular and humoral responses to yellow fever 17D vaccine

“…Furthermore, the proinflammatory monocytes CD14 + CD16 + and IL-10 levels also strongly negatively correlated with NAb titers. Of note, the potential negative role of monocytes on vaccine response has been suggested in response to hepatitis B virus vaccination (46). We found here that the baseline monocyte count from the blood in the Entebbe cohort was significantly associated with lower NAbs after YF-17D vaccination.…”

Reciprocal Relationship between Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and T Cells

“…The elimination of MDSCs, by all-trans retinoid acid (ATRA), increased the number of IFN-γ-producing CD4 + T cells, after vaccination with BCG (12). In individuals who received Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine, GM-CSF augmented the preservation of peripheral blood MDSCs, which could contribute to the lack of improved vaccine responses (13). Most chronic infections cause an expansion of M-MDSCs.…”

Optimized dosing of a CCR2 antagonist for amplification of vaccine immunity

“…Recent studies point to a role for monocytes in regulating early vaccine responses. For example, HIV infected individuals with lower vaccine-induced blood monocyte counts had greater resultant antibody titers compared to those with high monocyte responses to vaccination [6]. In addition, vaccination with the live attenuated BCG vaccine elicited a population of myeloid cells that inhibited T cell responses by suppressing T cell proliferation [4].…”