Lower muscle strength gains in older men with type 2 diabetes after resistance training

Exercise interventions in polypathological aging patients that coexist with diabetes mellitus: improving functional status and quality of life

“…In addition to its important effect on glycemic control, resistance training is a very important intervention because it counteracts the exacerbated loss of muscle strength and functional capacity observed in elderly patients (Castaneda et al 2002;Dunstan et al 2002;Brooks et al 2007;Ibañez et al 2008;Geirsdottir et al 2012). For example, in study of Brandon et al (2003), 24 weeks of resistance training performed at moderate intensity induced increases in muscle strength and mobility in elderly with type 2 diabetes.…”

“…For example, in study of Brandon et al (2003), 24 weeks of resistance training performed at moderate intensity induced increases in muscle strength and mobility in elderly with type 2 diabetes. In general, studies have demonstrated that applying a resistance training intervention consisting of either two or three sets of 8-15 repetitions at an intensity ranging from 50 to 85 % of one maximum repetition (1 RM) performed two or three times per week for between 8 and 24 weeks markedly increases maximal muscle strength in elderly type 2 diabetic patients (Castaneda et al 2002;Dunstan et al 2002;Brooks et al 2007;Ibañez et al 2008;Geirsdottir et al 2012). It should be mentioned that lower resistance training volume (i.e., one set per exercise) may induce similar neuromuscular improvements as higher volumes (i.e., two to three sets per exercise) in healthy elderly subjects, especially in early phases of training (i.e., 3 months) (Radaelli et al 2014).…”

“…In fact, studies have shown that muscle power appears to serve as a more important predictor of functional performance in healthy and frail elderly than muscle strength alone (Casas-Herrero et al 2013;Reid and Fielding 2012). In a study by Ibañez et al (2008), elderly diabetic patients who performed a twice weekly progressive resistance training program that included high-velocity muscle actions exhibited significantly improved muscle strength and muscle power output after 16 weeks of training. Therefore, because muscle power may be a better predictor of functionality than muscle strength alone, high-speed resistance training should be considered as an alternative exercise intervention in elderly diabetic patients, because this population is at risk of functional decline.…”

“…& To optimize the functional capacity of individuals, resistance training programs could include exercises in which daily activities are simulated, such as the sit-to-stand exercise. However, functional improvements induced by resistance training, especially those using explosive muscle actions, have been observed even with no daily activity exercises (Ibañez et al 2008;Mavros et al 2013). & Multicomponent training programs should include gradual increases in the volume, intensity, and complexity of the exercises, along with the simultaneous performance of resistance, endurance, and balance exercises.…”

“…In addition to the beneficial effects of exercise interventions on glycemic control (Umpierre et al 2011) and on the cardiovascular risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes (Balducci et al 2004;Figueira et al 2014), physical exercise is an effective intervention to improve muscle strength, power output, cardiovascular function, and functional capacity in elderly diabetic patients (Balducci et al 2012;Ibañez et al 2008;Geirsdottir et al 2012). In this regard, combined resistance and endurance training appears to serve as an effective exercise intervention to promote overall physical fitness in diabetic patients (Balducci et al 2012).…”