Lower Level of Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Children at Diagnosis of Celiac Disease Compared with Healthy Subjects: A Case-Control Study

Lionetti, Elena; Galeazzi, Tiziana; Dominijanni, V.; Acquaviva, Ilaria; Catassi, Giulia N.; Iasevoli, Mario; Malamisura, Basilio; Catassi, Carlo

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.08.089

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, our findings suggest that diet quality matters, independently of being on a GFD for a long term, and that other lifestyle habits that may affect body composition might also be relevant in this population, as is the case of physical activity. Lionetti et al [ 8 ] found no differences in BMI between children with CD on a GFD for more than 2 years and non-celiac children because both groups showed the same adherence rate to the MD, and the same weekly hours of physical activity, which reinforces our hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Hence, the dietary records of patients with CD could lead to an erroneous nutritional assessment concerning vitamins and minerals. Recent studies reported inconsistent results regarding serum vitamin D levels in patients with CD on a GFD [ 8 ]. In our study, although at the lower limit of normality, no differences in vitamin D values were found between the CD group and the non-celiac group, nor in the rest of the biochemical variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, inconsistent results about the nutritional adequacy of the GFD have been reported. Various studies suggest that GFD is nutritionally unbalanced because its micronutrient content (e.g., calcium, iron, vitamin D) is lower than recommended [8,[17][18][19][20]. Therefore, additional factors must be taken into consideration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the poor absorption of vitamin D and calcium and the sequestration of calcium and magnesium by unabsorbed fats due to malabsorption, it seems that the persistent activation of inflammation is the leading cause of the pathophysiology of metabolic bone disease [ 7 ]. Deficiencies in some nutrients, such as minerals (calcium, zinc, iron) and vitamins (vitamin D and other fat-soluble vitamins), due to malabsorption processes inherent to this condition are common in untreated CD patients or before diagnosis [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Physical Activity on Bone Health in Celiac Children on a Gluten-Free Diet

et al. 2021

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We aimed to assess the influence of the Mediterranean Diet adherence and physical activity (PA) on body composition, with a particular focus on bone health, in young patients with celiac disease (CD). The CD group (n = 59) included children with CD with a long (>18 months, n = 41) or recent (<18 months, n = 18) adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD). The non-celiac group (n = 40) included non-celiac children. After adjusting for potential confounders, the CD group showed lower body weight (p = 0.034), lean mass (p = 0.003), bone mineral content (p = 0.006), and bone Z-score (p = 0.036) than non-celiac children, even when the model was further adjusted for adherence to a GFD for at least 18 months. Among CD children, spending greater time in vigorous physical activity was associated with higher lean mass (p = 0.020) and bone mineral density with evidence of statistical significance (p = 0.078) regardless of the time they followed a GFD. In addition, a greater Mediterranean Diet adherence was associated with a higher bone Z-score (p = 0.020). Moreover, lean mass was strongly associated with bone mineral density and independently explained 12% of its variability (p < 0.001). These findings suggest the importance of correctly monitoring lifestyle in children with CD regarding dietary habits and PA levels to improve lean mass and, consequently, bone quality in this population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Physical Activity on Bone Health in Celiac Children on a Gluten-Free Diet

et al. 2021

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“…This has led to the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency in early life may predispose to celiac disease due to seasonal differences in UVB exposure and subsequent 25(OH)D concentrations or via dysregulation of the immune response leading to an abnormal intestinal mucosa with increasing permeability ( 21 , 22 ). Although low 25(OH)D concentrations have been reported at the time of celiac disease diagnosis ( 23 – 26 ), this can be attributed to deranged dietary absorption from a damaged gut epithelium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

25(OH)D Levels in Infancy Is Associated With Celiac Disease Autoimmunity in At-Risk Children: A Case–Control Study

et al. 2021

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Objectives: An observed variation in the risk of celiac disease, according to the season of birth, suggests that vitamin D may affect the development of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate if vitamin D concentration is associated with the risk of celiac disease autoimmunity (CDA) in genetically at-risk children.Study Design: Children prospectively followed in the multinational The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young study, conducted at six centers in Europe and the US, were selected for a 1-to-3 nested case–control study. In total, 281 case–control sets were identified. CDA was defined as positivity for tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (tTGA) on two or more consecutive visits. Vitamin D was measured as 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations in all plasma samples prior to, and including, the first tTGA positive visit. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine the association between 25(OH)D and risk of CDA.Results: No significant association was seen between 25(OH)D concentrations (per 5 nmol/L increase) and risk for CDA development during early infancy (odds ratio [OR] 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95–1.04) or childhood (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.97–1.07). When categorizing 25(OH)D concentrations, there was an increased risk of CDA with 25(OH)D concentrations <30 nmol/L (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.29, 3.84) and >75 nmol/L (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.28–3.44) in early infancy, as compared with 50–75 nmol/L.Conclusion: This study indicates that 25(OH)D concentrations <30 nmol/L and >75 nmol/L during early infancy were associated with an increased risk of developing CDA in genetically at-risk children. The non-linear relationship raises the need for more studies on the possible role of 25(OH)D in the relation to celiac disease onset.

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Relevance of environmental cofactors

Francavilla,

Dargenio,

Castellaneta

et al. 2024

Pediatric and Adult Celiac Disease

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Lower Level of Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Children at Diagnosis of Celiac Disease Compared with Healthy Subjects: A Case-Control Study

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Influence of Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Physical Activity on Bone Health in Celiac Children on a Gluten-Free Diet

Influence of Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Physical Activity on Bone Health in Celiac Children on a Gluten-Free Diet

25(OH)D Levels in Infancy Is Associated With Celiac Disease Autoimmunity in At-Risk Children: A Case–Control Study

Relevance of environmental cofactors

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