Lower Inter-Partum Interval and Unhealthy Life-Style Factors Are Inversely Associated with n-3 Essential Fatty Acids Changes during Pregnancy: A Prospective Cohort with Brazilian Women

Pinto, Thatiana de Jesus Pereira; Farias, Dayana Rodrigues; Rebelo, Fernanda; Lepsch, Jaqueline; Vaz, Juliana dos Santos; Moreira, Júlia Dubois; Cunha, Geraldo Marcelo da; Kac, Gilberto

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0121151

Cited by 17 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, the instruments employed to measure dietary intake, social, and behavioural data were validated and highly accurate. Previous studies from our research group using the same sample of the present study have shown that BMI may exert an influence on essential FA concentrations Pinto et al, 2015). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that early pregnancy BMI influences essential FA status throughout pregnancy according to DPs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Early pregnancy body mass index modifies the association of pre‐pregnancy dietary patterns with serum polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations throughout pregnancy in Brazilian women

Benaim

Freitas-Vilela²,

Pinto

et al. 2017

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Dietary patterns (DPs) have been described as an important factor that may influence polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations and body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy. We aim to evaluate the association between pre-pregnancy DPs and serum PUFA percentages throughout pregnancy considering early pregnancy BMI as a possible effect modifier. A prospective cohort of 154 pregnant women was followed (5th-13th, 20th-26th, and 30th-36th gestational weeks). Serum PUFA concentrations (total n-3 and total n-6, eicosapentaenoic + docosahexaenoic acids) were measured in each trimester and expressed as percentages. The n-6/n-3 ratio was calculated. Longitudinal linear mixed-effects models including interaction terms between DPs and early pregnancy BMI were employed. Serum PUFA percentages declined, whereas the n-6/n-3 ratio, monounsaturated, and saturated percentages increased throughout pregnancy for all BMI categories. Three pre-pregnancy DPs were identified by principal component analysis (common Brazilian, healthy, and processed). Overweight women with higher adherence to the common-Brazilian and to the healthy DPs presented reduced n-3 PUFA percentage and increased n-6 percentages and n-6/n-3 ratio compared to under or normal weight women. Obese women with higher adherence to the processed DP presented a more pronounced decrease of total n-3 percentage compared to under or normal weight women. Early pregnancy BMI modified the effect of pre-pregnancy DPs on PUFA profile throughout gestation. Higher adherence to the healthy pattern was associated with increased n-3 percentage, except for overweight women. Only for processed DP was the behaviour of PUFA the same for all BMI categories, showing a worse evolution profile, that is, increased n-6 and reduced n-3 fractions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Early pregnancy body mass index modifies the association of pre‐pregnancy dietary patterns with serum polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations throughout pregnancy in Brazilian women

Benaim

Freitas-Vilela²,

Pinto

et al. 2017

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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“…While dietary intake is a major determinant of DHA status in pregnancy, a number of other sociodemographic, lifestyle and genetic factors have also been reported to be associated with, and potentially influence, DHA status. These include maternal education level, household income, smoking status and alcohol consumption [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of sociodemographic, lifestyle and genetic characteristics on maternal DHA and other polyunsaturated fatty acid status in pregnancy: A systematic review

Wilson

Mantzioris

Middleton

et al. 2020

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids

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is important for the prevention of preterm birth, however there is limited knowledge of the determinants of omega-3 status during pregnancy. The primary objective of this systematic review was to synthesise data from existing studies assessing relationships between sociodemographic, diet, lifestyle and genetic factors and maternal DHA status. Materials and methods: The Medline, Embase, Amed, and CINAHL databases were searched for studies reporting measures of maternal omega-3 status and a sociodemographic/lifestyle/genetic characteristic. Results: Twenty-two studies were included in the final analyses. Higher dietary fish consumption/PUFA intake, higher education level and an older maternal age were associated with higher maternal omega-3 status. Higher alcohol intake, smoking and FADS genotype were each associated with lower maternal omega-3 status. Discussion: Differences in findings between studies make it difficult to draw clear conclusions about the relationship between these factors and maternal omega-3 DHA status, although socioeconomic status may play a role.

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“…Furthermore, lower serum levels of n-3 PUFAs at early pregnancy are associated with reduced fish consumption and lower inter-partum interval [21] and more anxiety symptoms [22]. A number of studies have investigated the effect of fish oil supplementation and depressive symptoms, with conflicting results [23–25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 supplementation from pregnancy to postpartum to prevent depressive symptoms: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Vaz

Farias²,

Adegboye

et al. 2017

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundLow n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been linked to depression, but the preventive effect of n-3PUFAs supplementation on maternal depression needs further investigation. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a daily dose of n-3 PUFAs supplementation (fish oil) on the prevention of postpartum depression (PPD).MethodsA randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind trial was designed and nested into a cohort study conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Sixty pregnant women identified as being at risk for PPD were invited and randomly assigned to receive fish oil capsules [1.8 g (1.08 g of Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and 0.72 g of Docosapentaenoic (DHA) acids)] or placebo (control). The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was scored at 5–13 (T0, baseline), 22–24 (T1), 30–32 weeks of gestation (T2) and 4–6 weeks’ postpartum (T3). Supplementation started at week 22–24 of gestation (T1) and lasted for 16 weeks. Serum fatty acids were assayed to evaluate compliance. Prevalence of EPDS ≥11 was the primary outcome, and mean and changes in EPDS score, length of gestation, and birth weight the secondary outcomes. Linear mixed-effect (LME) and random-intercept logistic regression models were performed to test the effect of fish oil supplementation on prevalence of EPDS ≥11 and EPDS scores variation.ResultsIn intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, at 30–32 weeks’ gestation women in the fish oil presented higher serum concentration of EPA, DHA and lower n-6/n-3 ratio comparing to the control group. There were no differences between intervention and control groups in the prevalence of EPDS ≥11, EPDS scores over time, or in changes in EPDS scores from pregnancy to postpartum in either the ITT or per-protocol analyses. Women in the fish oil group with previous history of depression presented a higher reduction on the EPDS score from the second to the third trimester in the fish oil comparing to the control group in the ITT analyses [−1.0 (−3.0–0.0) vs. -0.0 (−1.0–3.0), P = 0.038). These results were confirmed on the LME model (β = −3.441; 95%CI: -6.532– -0.350, P = 0.029).ConclusionDaily supplementation of 1.8 g of n-3 PUFAs during 16 weeks did not prevent maternal depressive symptoms in a sample of Brazilian women.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01660165. Retrospectively registered on 24 May 2012.

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Lower Inter-Partum Interval and Unhealthy Life-Style Factors Are Inversely Associated with n-3 Essential Fatty Acids Changes during Pregnancy: A Prospective Cohort with Brazilian Women

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Early pregnancy body mass index modifies the association of pre‐pregnancy dietary patterns with serum polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations throughout pregnancy in Brazilian women

Early pregnancy body mass index modifies the association of pre‐pregnancy dietary patterns with serum polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations throughout pregnancy in Brazilian women

Influence of sociodemographic, lifestyle and genetic characteristics on maternal DHA and other polyunsaturated fatty acid status in pregnancy: A systematic review

Omega-3 supplementation from pregnancy to postpartum to prevent depressive symptoms: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

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