Lower incidence and severity of cytomegalovirus-associated immune recovery uveitis in HIV-infected patients with delayed highly active antiretroviral therapy

Ortega-Larrocea, Gabriela; Espinosa, Enrique; Reyes‐Terán, Gustavo

doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000166100.36638.97

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The incidence of paradoxical IRD associated with M. tuberculosis, Cryptococcus species, and cytomegalovirus infection is higher among patients who have received less treatment for the infection than among those who have received more treatment [9,[11][12][13][14]47]. This presumably reflects a larger amount of antigen that initiates the immune response.…”

Section: Irdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: A Reappraisal

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection who commence antiretroviral therapy when they are very immunodeficient are susceptible to immune reconstitution disorders. The most common disorders are the various forms of immune restoration disease (IRD) that appear to result from the restoration of a dysregulated immune response against pathogen-specific antigens. Essentially, any pathogen that can cause an opportunistic infection as a result of cellular immunodeficiency can provoke IRD when pathogen-specific immune responses recover during antiretroviral therapy. In resource-poor countries, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Cryptococcus neoformans are the most significant pathogens, because the former causes substantial morbidity and the latter causes substantial mortality. IRD associated with these pathogens is characterized by severe inflammatory responses and is often referred to as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Prevention and treatment strategies for IRD are being developed, but preliminary data have demonstrated the efficacy of corticosteroid therapy in severe cases. Immune reconstitution after antiretroviral therapy may also be associated with autoimmune disease or sarcoidosis, both of which appear to have an immunopathogenesis that is different from that of IRD.

show abstract

Section: Irdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: A Reappraisal

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some authors even suggest delaying HAART to a time when CMV retinitis was sufficiently treated by anti-CMV drugs alone (Ortega-Larrocea et al, 2005).…”

Section: Immune Reconstitution Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus disease in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)

Steininger

Puchhammer‐Stöckl

Popow‐Kraupp

2006

Journal of Clinical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Up to 50% of patients with severe immune deficiency experience an excessive inflammatory response called immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) after the initiation of ART [1][2][3][4]. This syndrome is a heterogeneous collection of pathological manifestations attributed to an imbalanced immune response to various infectious and non-infectious agents that leads to excessive and uncontrolled inflammation [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%