Lower Frequency of Daily Teeth Brushing Is Related to High Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Abstract

This study sought to investigate relationships between frequency of daily teeth brushing and prevalences of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Subjects were 54,551 residents of Chiba City, Japan (20,155 men and 34,396 women) who underwent routine health examinations in 2004. Diabetes mellitus was defined as a fasting plasma glucose level > or =126 mg/dl or a non-fasting plasma glucose level > or =200 mg/dl and/or receiving treatment for diabetes. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) > or =140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > or =90 mmHg and/or receiving treatment for hypertension. Dyslipidemia was defined according to the two criteria: high triglyceride and/or low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG > or = 150 mg and/or HDL-C < 40 mg/dl), and high total cholesterol (TC > or = 220 mg/dl). According to Pearson's chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, BMI, smoking habit, alcohol consumption and daily walking time, lower frequency of teeth brushing is related to higher prevalences of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and high TG and/or low HDL-C, in both men and women. Total cholesterol status, however, showed no significant relationship. Maintaining good oral hygiene by regular teeth brushing may prevent type 2 diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia.

Sociodemographic, Clinical, and Laboratory Parameters Related with Presence of Regular Toothbrushing in Hemodialysis Patients

“…25 Thus, it was concluded that regular TB behavior can be regarded as a proxy of periodontal disease including periodontitis. 26 Since periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontal tissues and absence of regular TB may be related with peritonitis, 27 finding of inverse relationship between hs-CRP and regular TB makes also sense in HD patients.…”

Enterosalivary nitrate metabolism and the microbiome: Intersection of microbial metabolism, nitric oxide and diet in cardiac and pulmonary vascular health

“…Two studies have since shown increased blood pressures after chlorhexidine-containing mouthwash treatment in a population of hypertensive men on antihypertensive therapy[428] and during exercise in healthy volunteers[429], while a recent crossover study in healthy women showed no blood pressure effects with similar treatment[430]. Conversely, epidemiological studies consistently show that in the general population, good oral hygiene (specifically frequent tooth brushing and mouthwash use) protects against development of hypertension and CVD[431–433]. Such incongruities may be in part explained by evidence suggesting that one’s choice in mouthwash (from the strongest bactericidal formulations with chlorhexidine, to weaker ones such as with triclosan or cetylpyridinium, to the widely available and weakest antiseptic formulations) greatly impacts the degree of bacterial nitrate reduction and blood pressure effects[99,429,434], and that brushing with even bactericidal toothpaste exerts little to no effect on bacterial nitrate reduction[434].…”

Oral health behaviors and bone mineral density in South Korea: the 2008–2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

“…In Asian studies, healthy oral health behaviors are also related to decreased cardiovascular risk factors [2] as well as metabolic syndrome [3,4], which is a precondition of cardiovascular diseases [5]. In contrast, healthy oral health behaviors are inversely associated with the prevalence of periodontitis, which is an inflammatory state of periodontal structures, including alveolar bone damage [6].…”