Lower Frequency of CD62L^highand Higher Frequency of TNFR2⁺Tregs Are Associated with Inflammatory Conditions in Type 1 Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Diabetes type 1 is a chronic autoimmune disease in which insulin-producing cells are gradually destroyed by autoreactive T cells. Human regulatory cells play important role in controlling autoimmunity, and their qualitative or quantitative dysfunctions may result in ineffective suppression of autoreactive T cells. CD62L is a surface molecule that plays role in homing capabilities of Tregs, and only cells with high expression of CD62L have high suppressive potential. Tregs are also characterized by the constant expression of TNFR2. The frequency of Tregs carrying TNFR2 is higher in inflammatory conditions. We investigated blood regulatory T cells with CD62L expression and regulatory T cells expressing TNFR2 in type 1 diabetic patients. We found differences in these populations when comparing to healthy individuals. We propose that these may be associated with inflammatory conditions that are present in patients with type 1 diabetes. The lower percentage of Tregs and Treg CD62Lhigh may contribute to ineffective suppression of proinflammatory cytokines production during type 1 diabetes.

Low expression of CD39+/CD45RA+ on regulatory T cells (Treg) cells in type 1 diabetic children in contrast to high expression of CD101+/CD129+ on Treg cells in children with coeliac disease

“…In our cohort, we observed that children with either T1D or coeliac disease had a lower MFI of T reg cells (CD4 + CD25 hi ) compared to healthy controls or children diagnosed with both these diseases in combination. A decreased frequency of T regs (CD4 + CD25 + ) in T1D patients has also been observed previously . Currently, there is no precise definition of T reg cells in humans.…”

The Serum IL-6 Profile and Treg/Th17 Peripheral Cell Populations in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

“…Our previous studies have shown the impaired quantitative as well as qualitative properties of Foxp3 + Tregs in type 1 diabetic children [26, 27]. These impairments were probably dependant on an ongoing inflammatory response in these children.…”

Reducing TNF Receptor 2+ Regulatory T Cells via the Combined Action of Azacitidine and the HDAC Inhibitor, Panobinostat for Clinical Benefit in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients

“…The role of distinct Treg subsets in AML is currently not known, however, a functionally active Treg subset should have a high bone marrow migratory capacity (16). TNF receptor-2 (TNFR2) expression has recently been demonstrated to identify highly functional Tregs in healthy donors (17,18) and in various diseases such as malaria (19), diabetes (20), and cancer (21). TNFR2…”