Lower-extremity resistance training on unstable surfaces improves proxies of muscle strength, power and balance in healthy older adults: a randomised control trial

Eckardt, Nils

doi:10.1186/s12877-016-0366-3

Cited by 60 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The decline in these outcomes may lead to increased susceptibility to adverse conditions that impair the well‐being and health of the older people; thus, interventions that mitigate these changes become critical. Here, we showed that both UST and ST were able to improve the dynamic balance in older adults, which agrees with a previous study that demonstrated positive effects of both ST with and without postural instability on balance (UST—+2.26; 95% CI, 0.83‐3.70; ST—+1.22; 95% CI, 0.19‐2.63) . These findings have marked clinical implications during aging, since the reduction of the balance components is an independent risk factor for falls, frailty, and other geriatric syndromes…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Effect of 24‐week strength training on unstable surfaces on mobility, balance, and concern about falling in older adults

Pirauá

Cavalcante²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Objective: To evaluate the effects of 24 weeks of strength training on stable (ST) and unstable surfaces (UST) on the functional mobility, balance, and concern about falling in healthy older adults, younger than 70. Design: A single-center randomized clinical trial.Participants: Sixty-four older adults (58 females and 6 males; 68 years) were randomized into control, ST, or UST groups. Interventions: Both ST and UST intervention groups received a core muscle, upper, and lower limb moderate-intensity strength exercises using stable and unstable surfaces. The classes were performed three times per week over a 24-week period. The control group did not receive any type of active intervention. Measurements: The primary outcome measures were the dynamic balance (Berg Balance Scale (BBS)) and functional mobility (timed up and go (TUG) test). The secondary outcomes included the sitting and rising test (SRT) and Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FESI) scores. Results: There was a significant improvement in balance performance (BBS = +4 points) after 24 weeks of both ST (+1.22; 95% CI, −0.19 to 2.63) and UST (+2.26; 95% CI, 0.83-3.70) compared with the control group. Additionally, compared with the control, only UST experienced functional mobility gains (TUG = −2.44; 95% CI, −4.41 to −0.48; SRT = +1.12; 95% CI, 0.08-2.17) and decreased concern about falling (FESI = −4.41; 95% CI, −9.30 to −0.27). Conclusion: Long-term ST with and without unstable devices was effective to improve dynamic balance in older adults. Furthermore, the effects of UST were extended to functional mobility gains and reduced concern about falling. K E Y W O R D Sexercise, instability, resistance training

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Although in the literature there are no studies with a similar experimental design, we used, for the calculation of the sample size, the results of two studies that were relatively similar to the present study . In both studies, effect sizes greater than 0.39 were reported for balance and functional outcomes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of 24‐week strength training on unstable surfaces on mobility, balance, and concern about falling in older adults

Pirauá

Cavalcante²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…Our previous research advocates the feasibility and effectiveness of instability resistance training 17 . Feasibility (high compliance and no training-related drop outs) was confirmed by this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instability Resistance Training improves Working Memory, Processing Speed and Response Inhibition in Healthy Older Adults: A Double-Blinded Randomised Controlled Trial

Eckardt

Braun

Kibele

2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Aging is associated with declines in physical and cognitive performance. While there is no doubt about beneficial effects of physical exercise on proxies of strength and balance, the overall evidence for positive effects of resistance and balance training on executive functions is rather inconsistent. Whether the simultaneous exercising of strength and balance, i.e., instability resistance training, promotes executive functions in older adults is unknown. In the present trial, we tested the effects of unstable vs. stable resistance training on executive functions. Sixty-eight healthy older adults aged 65-79 years were randomly assigned to either an instability free-weight resistance training or one of two stable machine-based resistance training programs. Each group exercised twice a week on non-consecutive days for 10 weeks. Four tests to evaluate specific domains of executive functions were administered prior and following training: working memory, processing speed, response inhibition and set-shifting. the instability resistance training group improved working memory, processing speed and response inhibition from pre to post-test. In contrast, we found no improvements in executive functions for both stable resistance training groups. Our results demonstrate that 10 weeks of instability resistance training suffice to improve executive functions in older adults. The decline of neuromuscular control, motor performance and cognition with aging and adverse health outcomes such as functional limitations and possible falls are major health care issues of the 21 st century 1-3. Impaired executive functioning, as part of cognition, has been associated with reduced physical functioning and impaired locomotion in particular 3. Therefore, improving executive functions and/or slowing age-related decline, is of great interest. While, based on a recent Cochrane review, the evidence for computerised cognitive training is somewhat inconclusive 4 , physical exercise interventions appear to be beneficial for executive functions based on single studies 5-11. However, the overall evidence for beneficial effects of physical exercise interventions on executive functions is rather inconsistent 12,13. Accordingly, we aimed to systematically investigate challenging and cognitively demanding vs. less demanding physical exercises 11-13. Consequently, the effects of resistance training modalities with different cognitive and physical demands on executive functions in older adults were tested in this study. The conflicting findings can mainly be explained by the abundance of different cognitive outcomes, tests and the variety of different study designs 6 making comparisons difficult. Furthermore, Diamond and Ling 12,13 argue that the reason why simple "mindless" exercise interventions like aerobic training (e.g., running on a treadmill) or pure balance training have little or no effect on executive functions is that they lack any cognitive challenge, attention or social component. Studies employing resistance training show that it may impr...

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“…The planned activities improve the body's position in space, which is particularly disturbed in people after stroke [4]. The proper functioning of the nervous system depends on physical activity.…”

Section: Objective Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Spaces in Residential Areas as an Environment for Continuous Prevention and Rehabilitation – Design and Benefits

Skalna¹,

Haupt²

2019

IJEAT

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Facing the demographic changes is our common responsibility as researchers of all scientific disciplines. The forecasts based on statistical data show that in many countries in the nearest future the highest growth in population will be in the segment of 65-year-olds and older people. With age, mobility, intellectual ability and spatial orientation are reduced. Creating a proper living environment and public spaces to conduct prevention and rehabilitation training would have a positive impact on shaping and maintaining the quality of life of residents. The purpose of this multidisciplinary research was to create a model training for people with motor dysfunctions together with an optimal design of environment to conduct it on daily basis. Currently, a great emphasis in the design of urban areas is placed on the physical and social activity of children and youth (playgrounds, skate parks, sports equipment), as well as people with a high degree of physical fitness (sports fields and equipment, outdoor gyms, running paths, nordic walking, cross-country skiing). The aim of the work was to explore the possibilities and prove effectiveness of basic functional training with sensory elements in non-standard activity spaces intended for people with reduced low physical activity and motor disorders, not requiring additional devices, using elements of nature, such as terrain, water, greenery - as well as elements of small architecture.

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Lower-extremity resistance training on unstable surfaces improves proxies of muscle strength, power and balance in healthy older adults: a randomised control trial

Cited by 60 publications

References 64 publications

Effect of 24‐week strength training on unstable surfaces on mobility, balance, and concern about falling in older adults

Effect of 24‐week strength training on unstable surfaces on mobility, balance, and concern about falling in older adults

Instability Resistance Training improves Working Memory, Processing Speed and Response Inhibition in Healthy Older Adults: A Double-Blinded Randomised Controlled Trial

Urban Spaces in Residential Areas as an Environment for Continuous Prevention and Rehabilitation – Design and Benefits

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