Lower Extremity Length Discrepancies

Shapiro, Frederic

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20529-8_6

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 458 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, some factors, such as mutations or teratogens/teratogenic drugs and early compromise of blood supply can cause impairment of mesenchymal condensation and slow, or even abort the onset of chondrification process and cause leg length discrepancy associated with severe permanent morbidity related to abnormal weight-bearing and compromised ambulation. Tibial hemimelia or tibial deficiency is uncommon and markedly less frequent than the fibular variant [ 10 , 11 ]. Its incidence is approximately about 1 per 1 million live births, with 0.8% occurring in monozygotic twins (about 1 case per 125 million) [ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usual Presentation Has Odds: Unilateral Tibial Hemimelia in One of Dizygotic Twins

Al-Chalabi¹,

Sulaiman²

2021

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tibial hemimelia is a relatively rare congenital tibial longitudinal deficiency (approximately 1 per 1 million live births), unilateral or bilateral, with a relatively intact fibula. Hemimelia results from a disruption of the lower limb developmental field during embryogenesis due to slow or even abort of chondrification process, which results in leg length discrepancy. Affected leg commonly appears short and deformed with knee, ankle, and foot involvement. It may present with a variety of associated anomalies. Surgical treatment varies according to the type and degree of deformity, and reconstructive interventions are still limited. Reported cases of tibial hemimelia are very infrequent, especially tibial hemimelia in twins. Usually, the cases were in single embryo or less frequently in one of the monozygotic twins, but no reported cases regarding tibial hemimelia in one of the dizygotic twins as this article reports.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usual Presentation Has Odds: Unilateral Tibial Hemimelia in One of Dizygotic Twins

Al-Chalabi¹,

Sulaiman²

2021

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Leg length discrepancy is one of the commonly faced problems with spica casting of femur shaft fracture in children. 6 Despite, of few of these complications, the spica casting is recommended as first line of management in patients weighing 10-80 pound in close isolated fractures of the femur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of limb shortening in femoral shaft fractures treated by hip spica casting in children in Tertiary Care Hospital.

Mehmood¹,

Shah²,

Razzaq³

2019

TPMJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: In non-operative methods, hip spica casting is a gold standard for children under six years of age because of excellent bone union and remodeling qualities. The study was conducted to determine the frequency of limb shortening in femur shaft fractures in children treated by hip spica casting. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Orthopedics Department of Combined Military Hospital, Rawalakot, Pakistan. Period: One year from July, 2016 to June, 2017. Material and Methods: After approval of the study from institution’s ethical committee, all patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were admitted through emergency or outpatient department for hip spica casting. It was descriptive cross sectional study and sampling was done by non-probability convenience sampling in 107 femur fracture patients treated by hip spica casting. Diagnosis of the fracture was based upon history of trauma with break in the continuity of shaft as seen by X-ray. Informed consent was obtained from parents/guardian to be included in the study. Results: The mean age was 5(± 2.04) years. Sixty eight percent patients were male and 32% were female. Sixty three percent patients had proximal femoral shaft fracture, 32% had middle femoral shaft fracture and 4% patients had distal femoral shaft fracture. The shortening of limb length was found in14% of patients. Conclusion: In closed femoral shaft fractures, hip spica casting is a safe treatment in children. It has a low risk of complications. We recommend its use except for open fractures, multiple fractures, or fractures in older children.

show abstract

Assessing the safety of an epiphyseal plate biopsy in a translational lamb model

Epperson

Williams

Rogers

et al. 2021

Journal Orthopaedic Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The literature demonstrates that obtaining a biopsy of the physis may be beneficial for diagnostic purposes. A small biopsy of the epiphyseal plate may allow for earlier detection of certain conditions and be used to monitor the healing of diseased and/or damaged physes. However, due to the fear of a growth arrest in a growing child, biopsies are not currently performed. In this study, we investigated the effects of a biopsy of the epiphyseal plate in 3‐month‐old lambs. A total of 4.2 mm biopsy samples were captured in the proximal tibiae and distal femora physes. The lambs were monitored 12‐ and 24‐week post‐biopsy. Computed tomography (CT) and micro‐CT scans were obtained to determine if any angular deformities occurred, while scanning electron microscope (SEM) and histological analysis were utilized to assess the bone response due to the biopsy. The contralateral limbs served as unaltered controls for direct comparison within each lamb. The data demonstrated no signs of angular deformities following a 4.2 mm biopsy of the physis. Bone growth/elongation was confirmed by CT, SEM, and fluorochrome analyses and indicated that the lambs were in fact immature and still growing at the time of the biopsy. Clinical Significance: This investigation demonstrated that a small biopsy of the epiphyseal plate can be obtained safely without the cause of growth arrest and angular deformities. The ability to precisely diagnose, treat, and/or monitor at‐risk children at an earlier timepoint by way of a biopsy sample could be an important advancement in regard to researching diseased and/or damaged physes.

show abstract

Lower Extremity Length Discrepancies

Cited by 3 publications

References 458 publications

Usual Presentation Has Odds: Unilateral Tibial Hemimelia in One of Dizygotic Twins

Usual Presentation Has Odds: Unilateral Tibial Hemimelia in One of Dizygotic Twins

Frequency of limb shortening in femoral shaft fractures treated by hip spica casting in children in Tertiary Care Hospital.

Assessing the safety of an epiphyseal plate biopsy in a translational lamb model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About