Lower extremity arterial disease and the aging process: A review

Vogt, Molly T.; Wolfson, Sidney K.; Kuller, Lewis H.

doi:10.1016/0895-4356(92)90102-s

Cited by 229 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…1 However, PAD is neglected relative to other areas of cardiovascular research 2 and there is limited information on the prevalence of early PAD in Australia. Along with diabetes mellitus, smoking has long been accepted as a major avoidable risk factor for PAD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of peripheral arterial disease: persistence of excess risk in former smokers

Fowler

Jamrozik

Norman

et al. 2002

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of peripheral arterial disease: persistence of excess risk in former smokers

Fowler

Jamrozik

Norman

et al. 2002

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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“…In some studies, hypercholesterolemia is reported to be a possible risk factor for symptomatic PAOD (24,25), but this has not been confirmed in other studies (4,5). At the time of our baseline data collection, measurement of hypercholesterolemia in general practices in the Netherlands was just starting to receive more attention.…”

Section: Normal Group At Baseline: Risk Factor Patternmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Less than half of all PAOD patients have symptoms of intermittent claudication. PAOD is part of a systemic illness caused by atherosclerosis, and its prevalence is associated with increasing age (4,5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concomitant cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular mortality is even more frequent in studies where the anklebrachial index, the ratio of ankle systolic blood pressure to arm systolic blood pressure, has been used to indicate PAOD. The ankle-brachial index is currently the most common and useful diagnostic instrument for detecting PAOD, including asymptomatic cases (4,5,14,15). Ankle-brachial index is inversely associated with the manifestation of severe disease and cardiovascular mortality (10,16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Asymptomatic peripheral arterial occlusive disease predicted cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a 7-year follow-up study

Hooi¹,

Kester²,

Stoffers³

et al. 2004

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

188

111

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“…Atherosclerosis of arteries is the principal physiopathological process of PAD and risk factors for coronary artery disease are elevated in patients with IC. Follow-up studies of patients with IC reveal a higher mortality rate than that in the general population [9][10][11][12][13][14] and approximately a twofold increase in age-adjusted risk of any coronary event [15,16]. Therefore, the coexistence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) and PAD could at least partially explain the increased coronary risk in PAD patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of cardiovascular risk factors to coronary risk in patients with intermittent claudication in the PRIME Cohort Study of European men

et al. 2009

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a b s t r a c tBackground: Intermittent claudication (IC) is associated with an increased cardiovascular morbidity. The goal of the present study was to assess the contribution of conventional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) to this increased risk. Method: The PRIME Study is a multicenter Prospective Cohort Study of 10 602 men recruited in 1991-1993, aged 50-59 at baseline and followed over 10 years. At baseline, a questionnaire on socio demographic data was self-administered and CVRFs were measured. Composite outcome consisted of incident MI, effort angina, unstable angina and coronary death. The standardized questionnaire of the London School of hygiene was used to identify claudicants. Data were analyzed using multivariate Cox models. Results: Probable and possible cases of IC were reported by 1.4% (135) and 4.6% (442) of subjects, respectively. Compared to subjects with no claudication, the probable cases demonstrated higher rates of CVRFs. The incidence of CAD events was 7.23/1000 person-year. Compared to non claudicants, probable claudicants had an increased age and country adjusted risk of coronary events (HR (95% CI), 2.4 (1.5-3.7), p < 0.0001). After further adjustments for school duration, family history of early myocardial infarction, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, BMI, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive treatment, diabetes, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and lipid-lowering treatment, participants with probable claudication had an increased risk of coronary events but this was no longer significant (HR (95% CI), 1.3 (0.8-2.1), p = 0.23). Conclusion: IC is associated with an increased risk of developing coronary events. This association is largely explained by the coexistence of CVRFs.

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Lower extremity arterial disease and the aging process: A review

Cited by 229 publications

References 82 publications

Prevalence of peripheral arterial disease: persistence of excess risk in former smokers

Prevalence of peripheral arterial disease: persistence of excess risk in former smokers

Asymptomatic peripheral arterial occlusive disease predicted cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a 7-year follow-up study

Contribution of cardiovascular risk factors to coronary risk in patients with intermittent claudication in the PRIME Cohort Study of European men

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