Lower critical demixing of a polyketone in hexafluoroisopropanol

Wakker, A.

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(91)90014-a

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…ISM clouds that lie at different distances likely have different kinematic properties, thus appearing as distinct kinematic components in H I spectra. This is especially true for the high Galactic latitude sky, where the H I emission can be cleanly separated into three classes of clouds: low-, intermediate-, and high-velocity clouds (LVCs, IVCs, HVCs) based on their radial velocities with respect to the local standard of rest (v LSR ; e.g., Wakker 1991;Kuntz & Danly 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maps of the Number of H i Clouds along the Line of Sight at High Galactic Latitude

Panopoulou

Lenz

2020

ApJ

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Characterizing the structure of the Galactic interstellar medium (ISM) in three dimensions is of high importance for accurate modeling of dust emission as a foreground to the cosmic microwave background (CMB). At high Galactic latitude, where the total dust content is low, accurate maps of the 3D structure of the ISM are lacking. We develop a method to quantify the complexity of the distribution of dust along the line of sight with the use of H I line emission. The method relies on a Gaussian decomposition of the H I spectra to disentangle the emission from overlapping components in velocity. We use this information to create maps of the number of clouds along the line of sight. We apply the method to (a) the high Galactic latitude sky and (b) the region targeted by the BICEP/Keck experiment. In the north Galactic cap we find on average three clouds per 0.2 square degree pixel, while in the south the number falls to 2.5. The statistics of the number of clouds are affected by intermediate-velocity clouds (IVCs), primarily in the north. IVCs produce detectable features in the dust emission measured by Planck. We investigate the complexity of H I spectra in the BICEP/Keck region and find evidence for the existence of multiple components along the line of sight. The data (doi: 10.7910/DVN/8DA5LH) and software are made publicly available and can be used to inform CMB foreground modeling and 3D dust mapping.Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Interstellar medium (847); Neutral hydrogen clouds (1099); Interstellar atomic gas (833)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maps of the Number of H i Clouds along the Line of Sight at High Galactic Latitude

Panopoulou

Lenz

2020

ApJ

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“…Again, particles with Galactocentric radius less than 5 kpc have been excluded. As Wakker (1991) notes, the column density of Complex C is between 2 × 10 18 cm −2 and 5 × 10 18 cm −2 , and more than 5 × 10 18 cm −2 in some small parts. Figure 5 demonstrates that both models A1 and A2 successfully reproduce an extended HI gas structure in the region of Complex C. The predicted HI column density is slightly higher than that of Complex C, but this prediction will be an upper limit on the value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Is High-Velocity Cloud Complex C Associated with the Galactic Warp?

Kawata

Thom

Gibson

2003

Publ. – Astron. Soc. Aust

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Abstract:We test the hypothesis that high-velocity gas cloud Complex C is actually a high-latitude spiral arm extension in the direction of the Galactic warp, as opposed to the standard interpretation -that of a once extragalactic, but now infalling, gas cloud. A parallel Tree N-body code was employed to simulate the tidal interaction of a satellite perturber with the Milky Way. We find that a model incorporating a perturber of the mass of the Large Magellanic Cloud on a south to north polar orbit, crossing the disk at ∼15 kpc, does yield a high-velocity, high-latitude extension consistent with the spatial, kinematical, and column density properties of Complex C. Unless this massive satellite remains undiscovered because of either a fortuitous alignment with the Galactic bulge (feasible within the framework of the model), or the lack of any associated baryonic component, we conclude that this alternative interpretation appears unlikely.

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“…However, the evaluation of A 2 from Zimm plot is really a time consuming and difficult task, although quite reliable. The Gibbs free energy of mixing for the relation of χ and A 2 is given by Wakker,30 and is predicted as where ρ p is the density of the polymer and V S is the molar volume of the solvent. The dependence of (1/2 − χ) on the temperature is shown in Figures 10 and 11.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solution thermodynamics of poly(ethylene glycol)/water systems

Özdemir

Güner

2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The unperturbed molecular dimensions of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) samples (of different molecular weights) have been evaluated in aqueous solutions from viscosity measurements at 25, 30, 35, and 40°C. The unperturbed dimension, K , has been determined from extrapolation methods, i.e., Kurata-Stockmayer-Fixman (KSF), Inagaki-Suzuki-Kurata (ISK), and Berry equations. The hydrodynamic expansion factor, ␣ , as well as the unperturbed root-mean-square end-to-end distance, ͗r, found for the system indicated that the polymer coils contract as the temperature is raised from 25 to 40°C. The long-range interaction (excluded volume) parameter, B, was also evaluated and a significant decrease was found for the PEG/water system between 25 and 40°C. The theta temperatures, , were obtained from the temperature dependence of (1/2 Ϫ ) and the second virial coefficient was detected in the temperature interval of 25-40°C for the system and quite a good agreement with the calculated values evaluated via extrapolation and interpolation methods was observed. The thermodynamic interaction parameter was evaluated through the sum of the individual values of enthalpy and entropy dilution parameters, H and S , for PEG samples. All the unperturbed molecular dimensions of PEG/water system were calculated and compared according to M w and M n values of PEG samples. Calculated values were interpreted mainly on the basis of hydrogen-bond formation between polymer segments and PEG-water molecules in solution.

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Lower critical demixing of a polyketone in hexafluoroisopropanol

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Maps of the Number of H i Clouds along the Line of Sight at High Galactic Latitude

Maps of the Number of H i Clouds along the Line of Sight at High Galactic Latitude

Is High-Velocity Cloud Complex C Associated with the Galactic Warp?

Solution thermodynamics of poly(ethylene glycol)/water systems

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