Lower and Upper Bounds of Unfair Inequality: Theory and Evidence for Germany and the US

Abstract

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Gender and inequality of opportunity in Sweden

“…They do not report how important gender is relative to the other circumstances but they do provide separate analyses of inequality of opportunity by gender. In line with the results in Niehues and Peichl (2014), they find that inequality of opportunity is generally higher for men than for women. When a partner's characteristics are treated as circumstances, inequality of opportunity increases more for women than for men, decreasing the gender difference in inequality of opportunity.…”

“…In addition to including gender as a circumstance, Niehues and Peichl (2014) also conduct separate analyses for men and women and, while they do not comment on gender differences, their results (in Table 4) allow us to assess this. For both countries, most lower bound estimates of inequality of opportunity are higher for men than for women, while there seems to be a gender difference in the opposite direction for the upper bound estimates.…”

“…The standard in the literature is that partners' characteristics are not regarded as circumstances, but, examining the same inequality measure, outcomes, and individual circumstances as Niehues and Peichl (2014), they also include some of the individuals' spouse's characteristics to again explore lower bounds of inequality of opprtunity. They do not report how important gender is relative to the other circumstances but they do provide separate analyses of inequality of opportunity by gender.…”

Intergenerational Mobility and Support for Redistribution

“…Peichl and Ungerer (2016) compare intergenerational mobility in Eastern and Western Germany. Technical work on the measurement of mobility is done by Niehues and Peichl (2014). 4 Intergenerational mobility in Sweden has been studied by Roine and Waldenström (2009), Björklund, Roine, and Waldenström (2012), and Waldenström (2016).…”

Multidimensional Inequality Across Three Developed Countries

“…Working hours have also been included in related contexts (e.g. Fleurbaey and Gaulier, ; Pistolesi, ; Niehaus and Peichl, ).…”