Lower and Middle Cambrian stratigraphy of southwestern Alberta and southeastern British Columbia

Deiss, Charles

doi:10.1130/gsab-51-731

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Exposures of bed-rock are uncommon and much of the mountain-side of this locality is covered with talus material (W alcott 1908;Rasetti 1951). Although a local stratigraphy of the dip-slope beds has been recognized (Deiss 1940), practically all the material collected from the Ogygopsis Shale comes from the highly fossiliferous loose blocks and no precise stratigraphic horizon can be identified. The Ogygopsis Shale is located in the O. klotzi faunule of the Bathyuriscus-Elrathina Zone and is thus somewhat older than the Phyllopod bed (Fritz 1971).…”

Section: Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Middle Cambrian metazoanWiwaxia corrugata(Matthew) from the Burgess Shale andOgygopsisShale, British Columbia, Canada

Morris

1985

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

138

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A detailed redescription of the Middle Cambrian metazoan Wiwaxia corrugata (Matthew) is given with the aid of photographs, mostly taken under ultraviolet radiation, and explanatory camera lucida drawings. Wiwaxia is known only from the Stephen Formation with four localities within the Bathyuriscus-Elrathina Zone, the celebrated Burgess Shale (Phyllopod bed) and Ogygopsis Shale and two localities that appear to expose strata relatively high in the Formation, and a new locality in the underlying Glossopleura Zone. Specimens from the Ogygopsis Shale consist almost entirely of isolated sclerites, whereas in the Phyllopod bed the species is also known from entire specimens, semi-isolated assemblages and isolated soft-parts. T he description here is based almost entirely on Phyllopod bed m aterial. Wiwaxia was originally largely covered by sclerites. On the basis of shape and arrangement five distinct zones are recognizable: dorsal, upper lateral, lower lateral, anterior and ventro-lateral. In addition, there was a row of elongate dorso-lateral spinose sclerites running along either side of the body. Each sclerite was inserted separately via a root-like structure. Growth of the animal appears to have occurred by moulting of the sclerites; one unique juvenile specimen appears to be preserved in the act of moulting. The ventral surface was apparently an area of soft tissue devoid of sclerites. Little is known of the internal anatomy, although anteriorly there was a feeding apparatus consisting of two rows of posteriorly directed teeth. Most stages of growth are known varying from presumed juveniles, which at their smallest may have lacked spines, to adults over 50 mm long. Wiwaxia appears to have been an epifaunal deposit feeder that crawled across the sea-bed, although smaller juveniles may have been infaunal. The dorso-lateral spines may have provided protection against predators and the existence of broken spines suggests the successful deterrence of attack. The affinities of Wiwaxia do not appear to lie with the polychaetous annelids. While the possibilities of convergence cannot be eliminated, there appears to be a significant similarity between Wiwaxia and molluscs that suggests a related derivation from a turbellarian ancestor. Nevertheless, Wiwaxia has a distinctive bodyplan and as such cannot be accommodated in any known phylum. While Wiwaxia is unique to the Stephen Formation isolated sclerites from Lower Cambrian rocks appear to represent earlier wiwaxiids, although these sclerites show differences in their size and composition as com pared with Wiwaxia . Wiwaxia enhances knowledge of early metazoan evolution and ecology in the Cambrian. In particular, it gives fresh insights into the origin and relative success of certain metazoan bodyplans, the origin of trace fossils, and the importance of predation in Cambrian communities.

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Section: Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Middle Cambrian metazoanWiwaxia corrugata(Matthew) from the Burgess Shale andOgygopsisShale, British Columbia, Canada

Morris

1985

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

138

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“…Where thick-bedded limestone lies between the highest dolomite assigned to the Langston and the higher interbedded green shale and thin-bedded limestone assigned to the Ute, the top of the dolomite has not been used. Instead, the top of the thick-bedded limestone or the base of the lowest overlying green shale has been used, as at Blacksmith Fork (Deiss, 1938(Deiss, , p. 1112, on High Creek (Maxey, 1958, p. 654), and at localities along the east side of the Bear River Range (Mansfield, 1927, p.53).…”

Section: Contacts Top Of Langstonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Ute Peak, east of Paradise, Cache County, Utah, was designated the type locality by King, no section at this area has ever been described; Walcott's descriptions (1908a, p. 8; 1908b, p. 195-198) were based on exposures in Blacksmith Fork Canyon. These exposures were redescribed and designated the type locality by Deiss (1938Deiss ( , p. 1120Deiss ( -1121.…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6) has a heterogeneity in composition not evident in Walcott's first descriptions. This heterogeneity led Deiss (1938Deiss ( , p. 1119 to emend the definition of the formation. Stressed in the emendation were the presence at the base of 78 feet of thin-bedded calcitic sandstone, overlain by abundant pale-gray red-brown-weathering dolomite; abundant smalloval concretions (GirvatwUal] in widely separated beds; oolitic and medium to coarsely crystalline textures in many beds; and a paucity of fossils in the type locality.…”

Section: Emended Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the fossils attributed to the Langston by Walcott (1908b, p. 198-199) had come from a section at Two Mile Canyon near Malad City, Idaho, about 50 miles northwest of the type locality at Blacksmith Fork Canyon. Comparison of fossils found at the two type localities led Deiss (1938Deiss ( , p. 1165 to conclude erroneously that the Spence fauna, though found in strata directly above Brigham Quartzite at Spence Gulch, is much younger than the fauna at the base of the Ute Limestone in Blacksmith Fork Canyon, and that therefore the two should not be correlated.…”

Section: Emended Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uppermost Precambrian and lowest Cambrian rocks in southeastern Idaho, with contributions to Early Middle Cambrian faunal zones

Oriel¹,

Armstrong²,

Fritz³

et al. 1971

Professional Paper

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Meaning and problems of the Brigham__ Previous usage. -______-____--____ Definition ___________________ Idaho usage. _________________ Utah usage. _________________ Modifications proposed for Brigham. Formation versus Quartzite _ Abandonment versus retention. Restricted versus inclusive_____ Regional relations. _______________ 1. Stratigraphic sections of the rocks beneath the Bloomington Formation in the Bancroft and Soda Springs quadrangles. 2. Stratigraphic sections of the upper part of the Brigham Quartzite measured southeastward along the Portneuf Range to the western part of the Bear River Range. 3. Described measured sections of the Brigham Quartzite and associated rocks in southeastern Idaho and northern Utah. 4-6. Described Stratigraphic sections between the Bloomington Formation and the Brigham Quartzite showing former and new rock-stratigraphic assignments: 4. Eastward from the Bannock Range, across the Portneuf Range to the northeastern Bear River Range. 5. Eastward from the Malad Range, across the southern part of Portneuf Range to the east side of the Bear River Range. 6. Eastward across the Wasatch Range in northern Utah. 7. Sections showing relation of rock-stratigraphic assignments in the Bancroft and Soda Springs quadrangles to recognized Cambrian faunal zones. Index map of southeastern Idaho and northern Utah, showing the locations of the Bancroft, Soda Springs, and Preston quadrangles and of the Stratigraphic sections discussed---____..______-__-_-______-_____---____ Relief map of southeastern Idaho and northern Utah, showing the major physiographic features mentioned and their relations to the Bancroft, Soda Springs, and Preston quadrangles-___--__-_-_____________-______..

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Quantitative taxonomy and biostratigraphy of Middle Cambrian trilobites from Montana and Wyoming

Schwimmer

1975

Mathematical Geology

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Lower and Middle Cambrian stratigraphy of southwestern Alberta and southeastern British Columbia

Cited by 10 publications

References 1 publication

The Middle Cambrian metazoanWiwaxia corrugata(Matthew) from the Burgess Shale andOgygopsisShale, British Columbia, Canada

The Middle Cambrian metazoanWiwaxia corrugata(Matthew) from the Burgess Shale andOgygopsisShale, British Columbia, Canada

Uppermost Precambrian and lowest Cambrian rocks in southeastern Idaho, with contributions to Early Middle Cambrian faunal zones

Quantitative taxonomy and biostratigraphy of Middle Cambrian trilobites from Montana and Wyoming

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