Low-Volume Interval Training Improves Muscle Oxidative Capacity in Sedentary Adults

Hood, Melanie S.; Little, Jonathan P.; Tarnopolsky, Mark A.; Myslik, Frank; Gibala, Martin J.

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3182199834

Cited by 294 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…This is supported by the recent findings that several markers of oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle, such as citrate synthase and COX IV, as well as protein levels of GLUT4 are increased following a 6-week REHIT intervention . Although such responses have commonly been observed following a variety of submaximal and supramaximal HIT protocols (Gibala et al 2009;Little et al 2011;Little et al 2010;Burgomaster et al 2005;Hood et al 2011;Gibala et al 2006), the current study and that by together suggest that these responses may be achieved with a much smaller volume of exercise than previously thought.…”

Section: A Crucial Role For Glycogen Depletion?contrasting

confidence: 49%

Physiological and molecular responses to an acute bout of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT)

et al. 2015

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Physiological and molecular responses to REHIT 2 ABSTRACT Purpose:We have previously shown that six weeks of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT) improves VȮ2max in sedentary men and women, and insulin sensitivity in men. Here we present two studies examining the acute physiological and molecular responses to REHIT. Methods:In Study 1, five men and six women (age: 26±7 y, BMI: 23±3 kg•m -2 , VȮ2max: 51±11 ml•kg -1 •min -1 ) performed a single 10-min REHIT cycling session (60 W and two 20-s 'allout' sprints), with vastus lateralis biopsies taken before and 0, 30 and 180 min post-exercise for analysis of glycogen content, phosphorylation of AMPK, p38 MAPK and ACC, and gene expression of PGC1α and GLUT4. In Study 2, eight men (21±2 y; 25±4 kg•m -2 ; 39±10 ml·kg -1 ·min -1 ) performed three trials (REHIT, 30 min cycling at 50% of VȮ2max, and a resting control condition) in a randomised cross-over design. Expired air, venous blood samples, and subjective measures of appetite and fatigue were collected before and 0, 15, 30 and 90 min post-exercise.Results: Acutely, REHIT was associated with a decrease in muscle glycogen, increased ACC phosphorylation, and activation of PGC1α. When compared to aerobic exercise, changes in VȮ2, RER, plasma volume, and plasma lactate and ghrelin were significantly more pronounced with REHIT, whereas plasma glucose, NEFAs, PYY, and measures of appetite were unaffected. Conclusions:Collectively these data demonstrate that REHIT is associated with a pronounced disturbance of physiological homeostasis and associated activation of signalling pathways, which together may help explain previously observed adaptations once considered exclusive to aerobic exercise.

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Section: A Crucial Role For Glycogen Depletion?contrasting

confidence: 49%

Physiological and molecular responses to an acute bout of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT)

et al. 2015

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“…Recent exercise science studies have shown that higher intensity interval training protocols safely produce, even for people with prominent risk factors, improved health-related outcomes versus typical low to moderate intensity protocols with the same energy expenditure [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. However, those interval protocols have multiple repeats, raising the question of translatability [49,50,[52][53][54].…”

Section: Very Brief Aerobic Training To Improve Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a new treatment paradigm for disease prevention and healthy aging

Winett

Davy

Marinik

et al. 2013

Behav. Med. Pract. Policy Res.

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An increasingly prevalent pattern of risk factors has emerged in middle-aged and older adults that includes the presence of type 2 diabetes or prediabetes, overweight or obese weight status with central obesity and very high body fat, low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), low strength, and a low lean-body-mass-to-body-fat ratio. Traditionally, these problems have been approached with a low-fat and low-calorie diet and with lower to moderate intensity activity such as walking. While the treatment has some clear benefits, this approach may no longer be optimal because it does not reflect more recent findings from nutrition and exercise sciences. Specifically, these fields have gained a greater understanding of the metabolic and functional importance of focusing on reducing body fat and central obesity while maintaining or even increasing lean body mass, a quality weight loss, and how to efficiently and effectively increase CRF and strength. Evidence is presented for shifting the treatment paradigm for disease prevention and healthy aging to include the DASH nutrition pattern but with additional protein, higher intensity, brief aerobic training, effortbased, brief resistance training, and structured physical activity. Recent interventions based on social cognitive theory for initiating and then maintaining health behavior changes show the feasibility and efficacy of the approach we are advocating especially within a multiple health behavior change format and the potential for translating the new treatment paradigm into practice. KEYWORDSDiabetes, Quality weight loss, Treatment paradigm, Multiple health behaviors IMPORTANCE OF THE PROBLEM, USUAL TREATMENT, CHANGING THE TREATMENT PARADIGM A pressing public health problem is the high prevalence of engagement in multiple, poor health behaviors, creating patterns of high risk for morbidity and mortality and contributing to considerable individual and societal financial burden [1,2]. One pattern that is becoming increasingly prevalent is the combination of prediabetes, overweight or obese weight status, central obesity (increased visceral adipose tissue), and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with gradual loss of lean body mass and strength [3], which further increases the risks for type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular diseases, and some cancers, disabilities, and premature death [4]. The prevalence of T2D, based on fasting glucose or hemoglobin A1c levels in adults, aged 45-64 years old, is~14 %, and the prevalence of prediabetes for adults >20 years old is~35 % [5]. For adults over 65 years old, the prevalence of T2D is 27 % and the prevalence of prediabetes is~50 % [5]. Overweight, not just obesity weight status, is often comorbid for central obesity (waist circumference (WC) ≥102 cm for men and ≥88 cm for women) [3], which is associated with increased risk of T2D, especially for women [6]. Overweight individuals with large WC's, though at high risk, are often not identified for interventions [6,7]. The normal agerelated loss of lean body mass beginning in m...

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“…Specifically, HIT has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and glycaemic control (Burgomaster et al 2006(Burgomaster et al , 2008Gibala et al 2006;Wisloff et al 2007;Tjonna et al 2008;Babraj et al 2009;Haram et al 2009;Nybo et al 2010;Richards et al 2010;Whyte et al 2010;Gaesser and Angadi. 2011;Hood et al 2011;Little et al 2011;Shepherd et al 2013) as well as other cardiovascular health factors (Fletcher et al 1996) after just two weeks of training (typically six training sessions).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of high-intensity intermittent exercise on resting metabolic rate in healthy males

et al. 2013

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High intensity intermittent exercise training (HIT) may favourably alter body composition despite low training volumes and predicted energy expenditure (EE). Purpose: to characterise the acute impact of two common HIT protocols on EE and post-exercise oxygen consumption (11 h EPOC). Methods: oxygen consumption (l·min -1 ), respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and EE were measured in nine healthy, lean males over 12 h under three conditions: control (CON), HIT1 (10x one min high intensity cycling bouts followed by one min rest) and HIT2 (10x four min high intensity cycling bouts followed by two min rest). Results: total exercise period EE during HIT1 (1151 ± 205 kJ) (mean ± SD) was significantly lower than HIT2 (2788 ± 322 kJ; p < 0.001). EE within the 60 min after exercise was significantly albeit marginally higher after HIT1 (388 ± 44 kJ; p = 0.02) and HIT2

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Low-Volume Interval Training Improves Muscle Oxidative Capacity in Sedentary Adults

Abstract: Constant-load low-volume HIT may be a practical time-efficient strategy to induce metabolic adaptations that reduce the risk for inactivity-related disorders in previously sedentary middle-aged adults.

Cited by 294 publications

References 43 publications

Physiological and molecular responses to an acute bout of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT)

Physiological and molecular responses to an acute bout of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT)

Developing a new treatment paradigm for disease prevention and healthy aging

The impact of high-intensity intermittent exercise on resting metabolic rate in healthy males

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