Low‐thrombogenic fibrin‐heparin coating promotes in vitro endothelialization

Abstract

Long-term performance of implanted cardiovascular grafts can be ensured if living endothelium overgrows their surface. Surface modifications to implants are therefore being sought that can encourage endothelialization while preventing thrombus formation until the natural endothelium is formed. In the present study, heparin was covalently attached to a fibrin mesh grown from a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) substrate surface by the catalytic action of surface immobilized thrombin on a fibrinogen solution. The coating prevented platelet activation, thrombin generation and clot formation, and reduced inflammatory reactions when exposed to fresh human whole blood circulating in a Chandler loop model. In addition, in vitro seeded human umbilical vein and human saphenous vein endothelial cells showed considerably enhanced attachment and proliferation on the coating. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2995-3005, 2017.

Endothelialization of an ePTFE vessel prosthesis modified with an antithrombogenic fibrin/heparin coating enriched with bound growth factors

“…In contact with heparinized blood in a Chandler loop or a ow loop model mimicking human blood ow, the coatings suppressed thrombin generation, platelets and leukocyte activation, complement activation and blood clot formation. 29,40 The results presented herein indicate that the binding of GFs preserve the excellent hemocompatibility of the Fb/Hep coating.…”

“…28 We have previously shown that a covalent binding of periodate activated heparin to a brin mesh prepared on PVC sheets prevented the formation of a blood clot on the sheets exposed to human blood in a Chandler loop model. 29 The present work aims to develop a surface modication that might accelerate the in vitro and in situ endothelialization of cardiovascular gras while suppressing acute thrombosis. The modication of standard ePTFE gras with a brin mesh decorated by the covalently bound heparin and noncovalently bound FGF and VEGF presented in this work fulls both requirements.…”

“…The modication of standard ePTFE gras with a brin mesh decorated by the covalently bound heparin and noncovalently bound FGF and VEGF presented in this work fulls both requirements. The modication includes the controlled formation of a brin mesh (Fb) at a substrate surface using adapted techniques that we developed earlier [29][30][31] followed by the covalent binding of chemically activated heparin to Fb and nally by the attachment of VEGF and FGF via their specic noncovalent binding to brin 14,32 and heparin. 33,34 The controlled formation of the brin mesh consists of three successive processes: (1) brinogen adsorption on the substrate, (2) thrombin attachment to the adsorbed brinogen monolayer, and (3) brin formation by the catalytic action of the bound thrombin on the brinogen in an ambient solution.…”

Hydrophilic Stent Coating Inhibits Platelet Adhesion on Stent Surfaces: Initial Results In Vitro

“…Despite numerous scientific efforts, especially in cardiology, it has not yet been possible to develop optimized anti-thrombogenic vascular implants. Regardless of a series of promising results in vitro [ 31 – 33 ], these coatings have not yet been successfully transferred to an endovascular device. Although the coating materials used to date for the coating of stents and flow diverters have bio- and haemo-compatible properties [ 32 , 34 ], DAPT is still necessary.…”

Triple Modification of Alginate Hydrogels by Fibrin Blending, Iron Nanoparticle Embedding, and Serum Protein‐Coating Synergistically Promotes Strong Endothelialization

“…[42] Since alginate hydrogels impede endothelial cell adhesion, we upgraded the alginate matrix with the natural polymer fibrin being known for its various adhesion sites for endothelial cells [18] and its high biocompatibility as a stent coating material [4,6] or vascular graft. [18,43] Furthermore, Fe-NPs have been shown to reinforce the fibrin matrix and to enhance endothelial cell proliferation. [13,15,44] On the whole, we hypothesize based on available literature that Fe-NP enriched alginate-fibrin hydrogels synergize their individual antithrombotic properties to a compound highly hemocompatible stent coating material.…”