Low temperature techniques for natural gas purification and LNG production: An energy and exergy analysis

Baccanelli, Margaret; Langé, Stefano; Rocco, Matteo Vincenzo; Pellegrini, Laura; Colombo, Emanuela

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.07.119

Cited by 66 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The position of the feed, at the 18 th stage from the top, has been chosen in order to minimize the required duties, while the entrainer is fed on the third tray from the top of the distillation column to avoid its entrainment in the produced stream. The n-butane flow rate is 10 moles/100 moles of feed [23]. The entrainer stream (n-C 4 ) conditions have been fixed in order to create the minimum discontinuity in column profiles: its temperature and pressure levels (-85°C, 40 bar) have been chosen to be closed to the ones obtained on the third tray of the distillation column (Extractive distillation).…”

Section: The Ryan-holmes Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas to liquefied biomethane via cryogenic upgrading technologies

2018

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Liquid biomethane (LBM), also referred to as liquid biogas (LBG), is a promising biofuel for transport that can be obtained from upgrading and liquefaction of biogas. With respect to fossil fuels, LBM is a renewable resource, it can be produced almost everywhere, and it is a carbon neutral fuel. LBM is 3 times more energy dense than compressed biomethane (CBM) and it allows longer vehicle autonomy. LBM has also a higher energy density than other transport biofuels, it is produced from wastes and recycled material without being in competition with food production, and it assures a high final energy/primary energy ratio. The low temperatures at which LBM is obtained strongly suggest the use of cryogenic/low-temperature technologies also for biogas upgrading. In this respect, since biogas can be considered as a "particular" natural gas with a high CO 2 content, the results available in the literature on natural gas purification can be taken into account, which prove that cryogenic/low-temperature technologies and, in particular, lowtemperature distillation are less energy consuming when compared with traditional technologies, such as amine washing, for CO 2 removal from natural gas streams at high CO 2 content. Lowtemperature purification processes allow the direct production of a biomethane stream at high purity *Revised Manuscript-Clear Click here to download Revised Manuscript-Clear: Manuscript.docx Click here to view linked References and at low temperature, suitable conditions for the direct synergistic integration with biogas cryogenic liquefaction processes, while CO 2 is obtained in liquid phase and under pressure. In this way, it can be easily pumped for transportation, avoiding significant compression costs as for classical CO 2 capture units (where carbon dioxide is discharged in gas phase and at atmospheric pressure).In this paper, three natural gas low-temperature purification technologies have been modelled and their performances have been evaluated through an energy consumption analysis and a comparison with the amine washing process in terms of the equivalent amount of methane required for the upgrading, proving the profitability of cryogenic/low-temperature technologies. Specifically, the Ryan-Holmes, the dual pressure low-temperature distillation process and the anti-sublimation process have been considered. It has been found that the dual pressure low-temperature distillation scheme reaches the highest thermodynamic performances, resulting in the lowest equivalent methane requirement with respect to the other configurations.

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Section: The Ryan-holmes Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogas to liquefied biomethane via cryogenic upgrading technologies

2018

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“…Before natural gas is liquefied, impurities such as acid gases, water and heavy hydrocarbons must be removed [6]. A cryogenic distillation column (also known as an LNG scrub column) is used to separate hydrocarbons based on their volatility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Simulation of Solid Deposition in Cryogenic Heat Exchangers To Improve Risk Management in Liquefied Natural Gas Production

et al. 2017

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“…1 Natural gas represents a key transition fuel that can help meet this objective because it is found in abundance and, when combusted, produces about half the CO 2 emissions of coal as well as greatly reduced particulate emissions. 2 Accordingly, natural gas production, processing and utilization are topics that have been considered extensively [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] , including in many studies by Marsh and coworkers. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is essential to the intercontinental trade of natural gas because the liquid phase has an economically viable energy density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Measurements of Solid–Liquid Equilibria and Induction Times for Cyclohexane + Octadecane Mixtures at Pressures to 5 MPa

et al. 2017

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A specialized apparatus designed for visual measurements of solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE) and solid-liquid-vapor equilibrium (SLVE) was constructed and used to measure liquidus (melting) temperatures in binary mixtures of cyclohexane (C 6 H 12) and octadecane (C 18 H 38) across the entire range of composition and at pressures from about (0.004 to 5.3) MPa. A Peltier-cooled copper tip immersed in the liquid mixture was used to determine both freezing and melting temperatures by varying the temperature of the copper tip relative to the stirred, bulk liquid. With the bulk liquid held at the mixture's SLVE temperature, the induction time required to nucleate solid octadecane decreased exponentially as the subcooling of the copper tip increased, halving approximately every 0.25 K. At higher pressures, while the melting temperature of pure cyclohexane (cyC 6) increased by about 0.55 KMPa-1 , at x cyC6 = 0.5675 it increased by only 0.15 KMPa-1. The new data were compared with measurements reported in the literature, empirical correlations describing those literature data, and the predictions of models based on cubic equations of state (EOS), including the Peng-Robinson Advanced (PRA) EOS implemented in the software Multiflash. The best description of the data was achieved by adjusting the binary interaction parameter in the PRA model from 0 to-0.0324, which reduced the deviation of the SLVE data at the eutectic point (x cyC6 0.95) from (12.8 to-0.2) K. Although the accuracy of predictions made with the SLVE-tuned PRA EOS deteriorated slightly at pressures around 5 MPa, they were still as good as, or better, than the empirical correlations available for this system. Furthermore, the SLVE-tuned PRA EOS was more accurate at describing literature VLE data for this binary than the default PRA EOS, reducing the r.m.s. deviation in bubble temperature predictions from (6.7 to 0.67) K.

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Low temperature techniques for natural gas purification and LNG production: An energy and exergy analysis

Cited by 66 publications

References 51 publications

Biogas to liquefied biomethane via cryogenic upgrading technologies

Biogas to liquefied biomethane via cryogenic upgrading technologies

Rapid Simulation of Solid Deposition in Cryogenic Heat Exchangers To Improve Risk Management in Liquefied Natural Gas Production

Visual Measurements of Solid–Liquid Equilibria and Induction Times for Cyclohexane + Octadecane Mixtures at Pressures to 5 MPa

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