2010
DOI: 10.1002/pssc.201000497
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Low temperature synthesis of ZnO thin films by spin‐coating technique

Abstract: ZnO thin films were prepared by sol‐gel spin‐coating method with thermal annealing in O2 atmosphere. The annealing temperature was varied in the range of 150 °C to 550°C. ZnO thin films with wurtzite structure were synthesized in all the samples. The sample annealed at low temperature showed the smooth surface morphology, and it gradually became rough with increase in annealing temperature. Finally, the sample had porous structure due to the aggregation of ZnO grain. As this result, the transmittance decreased… Show more

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Cited by 12 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…9 b. N-type ZnO and p-type polymer P3HT form p–n junction and V OC is determined by difference between electron quasi-Fermi energy of ZnO and hole quasi-Fermi energy of P3HT (V OC1 ) [ 76 79 ]. However, the recombination of excitons resulted from defects in sol–gel based ZnO [ 80 , 81 ], reducing the difference of energy level and V OC (V OC2 ) [ 82 , 83 ]. In the case of PPZ-device, polarization in forward bias poled P(VDF-TrFE) increases energy level difference (V OC3 ).…”
Section: Ferroelectric Materials In Energy Harvestingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…9 b. N-type ZnO and p-type polymer P3HT form p–n junction and V OC is determined by difference between electron quasi-Fermi energy of ZnO and hole quasi-Fermi energy of P3HT (V OC1 ) [ 76 79 ]. However, the recombination of excitons resulted from defects in sol–gel based ZnO [ 80 , 81 ], reducing the difference of energy level and V OC (V OC2 ) [ 82 , 83 ]. In the case of PPZ-device, polarization in forward bias poled P(VDF-TrFE) increases energy level difference (V OC3 ).…”
Section: Ferroelectric Materials In Energy Harvestingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…5) Many techniques have been employed to produce ZnO thin films, including molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), 6) metal organic chemical vapor deposition (CVD), 7) radio-frequency magnetron sputtering, 8) DC magnetron sputtering, 9) pulsed laser deposition, 10) sol-gel, 11) spray pyrolysis, 12) ultrasonic spray pyrolysis, 13) and spin-coating methods. 14) Nonvacuum processes, such as spray pyrolysis and spin-coating methods, are effective for thin film growth because damage to the surface owing to plasma is avoided. In addition, a high vacuum is not required and so the equipment cost is very low.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sol-gel methods enable the obtainment of a solid material from a solution using a sol or a gel as an intermediate step. The synthesis involves wet chemistry reactions based on molecular precursors' transformation into an oxide network by hydrolysis and condensation reactions [10]. Many ways of achieving ZnO thin films with a sol-gel technique have already been described in the literature [9,[11][12][13][14][15].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%