Low temperature sulfonation of acai stone biomass derived carbons as acid catalysts for esterification reactions

Araujo, Rayanne O.; Chaar, Jamal da Silva; Queiroz, Leandro S.; Filho, Geraldo Narciso da Rocha; Costa, Carlos Emmerson Ferreira da; Silva, Graziela C.T. da; Landers, Richard; Costa, Maria J. F.; Gonçalves, Alexandre A. S.; Souza, Luiz K.C. de

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2019.06.059

Cited by 77 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The results showed that the conversion rate is accelerated at a higher temperature, and reached an optimum conversion of 98.0% for ZrSiW/UiO-66 catalyst at the temperature of 150 C. At the temperature higher than 150 C, the oleic acid conversion started to increase slowly. In similar work performed by Araujo et al 34 Hence, 150 C was choose as the optimum reaction temperature.…”

Section: Effect Of Esterication Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient biodiesel production from oleic acid using metal–organic framework encapsulated Zr-doped polyoxometalate nano-hybrids

et al. 2020

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Section: Effect Of Esterication Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient biodiesel production from oleic acid using metal–organic framework encapsulated Zr-doped polyoxometalate nano-hybrids

et al. 2020

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“…It is widely cropped in the north region of Brazil and the Pará state is the biggest producer, accounting for 87 % of total Brazilian production at 93521 tonnes per year [150] . From the production of açaí, two main waste materials are produced: fibrous fruit pulp and the stone (accounting for 80 % of the total mass of the açaí fruit) [150,151] . The pulp can be treated via an alkaline process and then used as an alternative material in the particleboard industry [150] .…”

Section: Fruits and Nuts As Potential Brazilian Renewable Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pulp can be treated via an alkaline process and then used as an alternative material in the particleboard industry [150] . Sulfonated carbon catalysts can be made from the açaí stone via a calcination process at high temperatures (400, 500 or 600 °C) under a nitrogen atmosphere, followed by acidic (sulfuric acid) treatment and can be used as catalysts in esterification reactions [151] . Furthermore, phosphated activated carbon was produced using the açaí stone in conjunction with phosphoric acid.…”

Section: Fruits and Nuts As Potential Brazilian Renewable Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[150] From the production of açaí, two main waste materials are produced: fibrous fruit pulp and the stone (accounting for 80 % of the total mass of the açaí fruit). [150,151] The pulp can be treated via an alkaline process and then used as an alternative material in the particleboard industry. [150] Sulfonated carbon catalysts can be made from the açaí stone via a calcination process at high temperatures (400, 500 or 600°C) under a nitrogen atmosphere, followed by acidic (sulfuric acid) treatment and can be used as catalysts in esterification reactions.…”

Section: Açaí Palmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opportunities for the Use of Brazilian Biomass to Produce Renewable Chemicals and Materials

et al. 2020

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This Review highlights the principal crops of Brazil and how their harvest waste can be used in the chemicals and materials industries. The Review covers various plants; with grains, fruits, trees and nuts all being discussed. Native and adopted plants are included and studies on using these plants as a source of chemicals and materials for industrial applications, polymer synthesis, medicinal use and in chemical research are discussed. The main aim of the Review is to highlight the principal Brazilian agricultural resources; such as sugarcane, oranges and soybean, as well as secondary resources, such as andiroba brazil nut, buriti and others, which should be explored further for scientific and technological applications. Furthermore, vegetable oils, carbohydrates (starch, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignocellulose and pectin), flavones and essential oils are described as well as their potential applications.

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“…Development on novel catalysts will be continued for years onward while focusing on utilizing waste materials as catalyst precursor and fatty acid‐ or glycerol‐like surface modifier. New strategies focusing on the utilization of waste lignocellulosic biomass as carbon‐based catalyst 223,255,256 are gaining much attention along with calcium‐based waste/residues 257,258 while developing new synthesis routes employing fewer processing steps 223,259 and lower process severity 234,256 while producing value‐added by‐products 260 . Process enhancement through improved mass and heat transfer of the reaction system may support catalytic and non‐catalytic biodiesel production.…”

Section: Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐catalytic and heterogeneous acid/base‐catalyzed biodiesel production: Recent and future developments

Tran‐Nguyen

Ong

et al. 2020

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Biodiesel production technologies, which are non-catalytic and those involving the use of heterogeneous catalyst(s), have gained much interest owing to its high biodiesel and pure glycerol throughput. During the past 15 years, many studies were devoted to explore new catalysts as well as improve non-catalytic technologies with aims to ultimately industrialize such biodiesel production processes. This review elucidates the main process parameters that influences non-catalytic and heterogeneous-catalyzed biodiesel production processes. The common parameters among these technologies include the process temperature, alcohol/oil molar ratio, pressure, catalyst loading, and feedstock quality.Optimization of these process parameters is discussed according to the use of conventional method (one factor at a time [OFAAT]) or the use of statistical methods such as response surface methodology (RSM), artificial neural network (ANN), and Taguchi method. In addition, recent development on noncatalytic process and those involving the use of heterogeneous catalyst(s), such as glycerol-free processes under supercritical conditions of alkyl donors and strategies to improve properties of heterogeneous catalyst, are also reviewed.Finally, insight based on the published techno-economical evaluations is also tackled, and future prospects and research directions on these technologies are also discussed.

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Low temperature sulfonation of acai stone biomass derived carbons as acid catalysts for esterification reactions

Cited by 77 publications

References 53 publications

Efficient biodiesel production from oleic acid using metal–organic framework encapsulated Zr-doped polyoxometalate nano-hybrids

Efficient biodiesel production from oleic acid using metal–organic framework encapsulated Zr-doped polyoxometalate nano-hybrids

Opportunities for the Use of Brazilian Biomass to Produce Renewable Chemicals and Materials

Non‐catalytic and heterogeneous acid/base‐catalyzed biodiesel production: Recent and future developments

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