Low Temperature Production of Lead-Free Piezoelectric Thick Films

Lusiola, Tony; Chelwani, N.; Bortolani, Francesca; Zhang, Qi; Dorey, Robert

doi:10.1080/00150193.2011.594724

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 ) of poled KNN thick lms (KNN + Pt foil) was measured by Berlincourt method, and an average value of 40 pC N À1 was recorded. This value is close to values previously reported for KNN thick lms, and also measured by Berlincourt meter (18 pC N À1 and 44 pC N À1 ) 36,37 and in other studies where d 33 was measured by scanning vibrometer (35 pm V À1 ). 46 This value is lower than those reported for equivalent ceramics, with the lowest d 33 reported for monophasic KNN being 80 pC N À1 , 34 and the highest being 160 pC N À1 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Lusiola et al reported the fabrication of NaNbO 3 -K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (NN-KNN) thick lms using a low temperature molten salt powder synthesis combined with a hybrid powder/sol gel ink lm. 15 These lms have a piezoelectric coefficient and relative permittivity around 18 pC N À1 and 250 to 800 (depending on the poling conditions), respectively. However, with chemical solution deposition methods, a repeated number of depositions are required to achieve a thick layer, increasing drastically the amount of defects in the nal lm, besides being a lengthy and costly process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sodium potassium niobate (K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃, KNN) thick films by electrophoretic deposition

et al. 2015

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reported by Shiraishi et al.,13,14 and 4 to 6 mm thick lms have good ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties (d 33 ¼ 68 pm V À1 ). Lusiola et al. reported the fabrication of NaNbO 3 -K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (NN-KNN) thick lms using a low temperature molten salt powder synthesis combined with a hybrid powder/sol gel ink lm.15 These lms have a piezoelectric coefficient and relative permittivity around 18 pC N À1 and 250 to 800 (depending on the poling conditions), respectively. However, with chemical solution deposition methods, a repeated number of depositions are required to achieve a thick layer, increasing drastically the amount of defects in the nal lm, besides being a lengthy and costly process. Of all techniques for the fabrication of thick lms, electrophoretic deposition (EPD) stands out due its high exibility, low cost and simplicity of application. 23 Although that paper proves the feasibility of getting KNN thick lms by EPD, processing studies, dielectric characterization and relations between processing conditions and properties have not been reported.Within this context, in the present work K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (KNN) thick lms are deposited on Pt foils by EPD and sintered at 1100 C for 2 h. We investigate the key parameters, and establish the relationships between suspension media, EPD process conditions, microstructure of the deposits, and resulting electrical properties of KNN lms. This work is also a part of a wide ranging study on the EPD processing of electroceramics that we have been carrying out. The use of EPD is well documented in the area of solid-state fuel cells and biomaterials. 16However, improved knowledge of EPD for dielectrics, piezoelectrics, ferroelectrics and related materials is still required. In our previous papers we have reported EPD of different electroceramic systems: piezoelectrics such as PZT, incipient ferroelectrics such as SrTiO 3 , low loss dielectrics such as BNT, and more recently low sintering temperature such as Tellurium based compounds. 19 22 Among these results, we demonstrated that the selection of the medium, the stability of the suspensions, and the control of the particle zeta potentials, critical for a good deposition, need to be established for each new electroceramic material being processed by EPD. The current study on KNN thick lms has not been reported before, and it is of interest for the fabrication of KNN thick lms and exploitation of KNN assets for the electroceramics community. ExperimentalK 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (KNN) powders were synthesised by a solid-state reaction method starting from Na 2 CO 3 (Chempur, purity 99.5%), K 2 CO 3 (Merck, purity 99.0%) and Nb 2 O 5 (BDH Chemicals, purity 99.5%). Due to their hygroscopic nature, the carbonates Na 2 CO 3 and K 2 CO 3 were heated to 150 C immediately prior to weighing. The powders were weighed according to the 1 : 1 : 2 stoichiometry, and ball milled in Teon jars containing absolute ethanol as a media and zirconia balls. The ball milling was performed for 5 h at 200 rpm. Aer drying the stoich...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium potassium niobate (K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃, KNN) thick films by electrophoretic deposition

et al. 2015

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“…This piezoelectric coefficient for KNN thick films is close to the reported value for equivalent ceramics, with the lowest d 33 value reported for pure KNN being 80 pC/N 42 and the highest being 160 pC/N 43 for bulk prepared by hot pressing. In the present case we consider that due to the porosity of these films and the presence of nonpiezoelectric materials (as the Pt substrate underneath the films), these values are lower than equivalent bulk KNN but much higher in comparison to the reported values for KNN thick films, measured by a Berlincourt meter (18 pC/N (poled at 7 kV/mm) and 44 pC/N (poled at 4 kV/mm, for 5 min)) 22,45,48 and in other studies where d 33 has been measured by a scanning vibrometer (35 pm/V). 49 The high d 33 response for the present KNN films may be also due to the partial orientation along the (100) direction.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Unleashing the Full Sustainable Potential of Thick Films of Lead-Free Potassium Sodium Niobate (K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃) by Aqueous Electrophoretic Deposition

et al. 2016

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A current challenge for the fabrication of functional oxide-based devices is related with the need of environmental and sustainable materials and processes. By considering both lead-free ferroelectrics of potassium sodium niobate (K0.5Na0.5NbO3, KNN) and aqueous-based electrophoretic deposition here we demonstrate that an eco-friendly aqueous solution-based process can be used to produce KNN thick coatings with improved electromechanical performance. KNN thick films on platinum substrates with thickness varying between 10 and 15 μm have a dielectric permittivity of 495, dielectric losses of 0.08 at 1 MHz, and a piezoelectric coefficient d33 of ∼70 pC/N. At TC these films display a relative permittivity of 2166 and loss tangent of 0.11 at 1 MHz. A comparison of the physical properties between these films and their bulk ceramics counterparts demonstrates the impact of the aqueous-based electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique for the preparation of lead-free ferroelectric thick films. This opens the door to the possible development of high-performance, lead-free piezoelectric thick films by a sustainable low-cost process, expanding the applicability of lead-free piezoelectrics.

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“…[1][2][3] Pb(Zr 0.3 Ti 0.7 )O 3 (PZT) is a ferroelectric material that possesses a perovskite crystal structure and shows high potential application in piezoelectric and pyroelectric devices. [4][5][6][7][8][9] It was reported that piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties of PZT nanorod were still retained when its radial diameter was as small as 45 nm-2 µm. 10,11) In the past decades, the potential application of PZT nanorod dramatically promoted the research of PZT nanorod including synthesis and utilization of micro device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

(001)-orientation single crystalline Pb(Zr_0.3Ti_0.7)O₃pyroelectric nanorod array synthesized by hydrothermal reaction

Wu¹,

Peng²,

Sun³

et al. 2015

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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The fabrication and pyroelectric coefficient of Pb(Zr 0.3 Ti 0.7 )O 3 (PZT) nanorod array on Nb:SrTiO 3 (NSTO) substrates were reported. XRD and TEM revealed that PZT nanorods were (001) orientation single crystalline. Dense PZT nanorod array were synthesized on NSTO using optimal 0.8 g/L poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and 3.2 g/L poly(acrylate acid) (PAA). Maximum pyroelectric coefficient, 5.8 ' 10 %9 C/(cm 2 &K), was measured for samples synthesized at 230 °C and poled under 5 V. The single crystalline PZT nanorod array material has potential application in small spatial (1-10 µm) infrared detectors, benefiting to achieve distinguished detector performances.

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Low Temperature Production of Lead-Free Piezoelectric Thick Films

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Sodium potassium niobate (K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃, KNN) thick films by electrophoretic deposition

Sodium potassium niobate (K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃, KNN) thick films by electrophoretic deposition

Unleashing the Full Sustainable Potential of Thick Films of Lead-Free Potassium Sodium Niobate (K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃) by Aqueous Electrophoretic Deposition

(001)-orientation single crystalline Pb(Zr_0.3Ti_0.7)O₃pyroelectric nanorod array synthesized by hydrothermal reaction

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Low Temperature Production of Lead-Free Piezoelectric Thick Films

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Sodium potassium niobate (K0.5Na0.5NbO3, KNN) thick films by electrophoretic deposition

Sodium potassium niobate (K0.5Na0.5NbO3, KNN) thick films by electrophoretic deposition

Unleashing the Full Sustainable Potential of Thick Films of Lead-Free Potassium Sodium Niobate (K0.5Na0.5NbO3) by Aqueous Electrophoretic Deposition

(001)-orientation single crystalline Pb(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3pyroelectric nanorod array synthesized by hydrothermal reaction

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Product

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Sodium potassium niobate (K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃, KNN) thick films by electrophoretic deposition

Sodium potassium niobate (K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃, KNN) thick films by electrophoretic deposition

Unleashing the Full Sustainable Potential of Thick Films of Lead-Free Potassium Sodium Niobate (K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃) by Aqueous Electrophoretic Deposition

(001)-orientation single crystalline Pb(Zr_0.3Ti_0.7)O₃pyroelectric nanorod array synthesized by hydrothermal reaction