Low-temperature processed bipolar metal oxide charge transporting layers for highly efficient perovskite solar cells

Singh, Mriganka; Yang, Rei Ting; Weng, Da Wei; Hu, Hanlin; Singh, Anupriya; Mohapatra, Anisha; Chen, Yuting; Lu, Yu; Guo, Tzung Fang; Li, Gang; Lin, Hong‐Cheu; Chu, Chih‐Wei

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2020.110870

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Li et al (2017) applied sputtered NiO x for planar PSCs, which exhibit a champion PCE of 18.5%. Furthermore, introduction of dopants, commonly Li (Qiu et al, 2017), Co (Natu et al, 2012), Mg (Chen et al, 2015b), Cu (Chen et al, 2018), Cs (Singh et al, 2020), etc., in NiO x can further enhance the charge transport properties due to improved carrier conductivity as well as better energy level alignment across the interface of perovskite and HTL. The group of He and Lei doped NiO x with Cs and Cu, yielding a PCE of 19.35 (Chen et al, 2017) and 20.5% (Yue et al, 2017) for planar p-i-n-based PSCs, respectively.…”

Section: The Efficiency Evolution Of Pscs Using Different Metal Oxide Ctlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The grinding process is clean, has low cost, and has high yield for mass production, which can produce highlevel-purity and high-level-crystallinity metal oxide nanoparticles with controllable size and shape while keeping their intrinsic properties (Elseman et al, 2016;Singh et al, 2018). Grinding is a high-energy wet milling process where three-dimensional Xia et al, 2008;Dou et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2018 Ball-milling Low (≤150) Low TiO 2 , SnO 2 , NiO Singh et al, 2018;Singh et al, 2019;Singh et al, 2020 materials are broken down into lower-dimensional materials such as nanoparticles, nanorods, nanobelts, nanosheets, and nanofibers via controlling the milling conditions (solvents, temperature, and milling period) (Ibrahem et al, 2014;Ding et al, 2017). This method has been recently demonstrated for preparing TiO 2 , SnO 2 , and NiO x CTLs in PSCs (Singh et al, 2018(Singh et al, , 2019(Singh et al, , 2020.…”

Section: Mechanosynthesis For Low-dimensional Metal Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grinding is a high-energy wet milling process where three-dimensional Xia et al, 2008;Dou et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2018 Ball-milling Low (≤150) Low TiO 2 , SnO 2 , NiO Singh et al, 2018;Singh et al, 2019;Singh et al, 2020 materials are broken down into lower-dimensional materials such as nanoparticles, nanorods, nanobelts, nanosheets, and nanofibers via controlling the milling conditions (solvents, temperature, and milling period) (Ibrahem et al, 2014;Ding et al, 2017). This method has been recently demonstrated for preparing TiO 2 , SnO 2 , and NiO x CTLs in PSCs (Singh et al, 2018(Singh et al, , 2019(Singh et al, , 2020. The as-prepared metal oxide nanomaterials can form a compact CTL in PSCs by low-temperature processing methods such as spin-coating the nanomaterial dispersion solution (Singh et al, 2018), which allows the fabrication of devices on flexible substrates or preparation of metal oxides on top of the perovskite layer without introduction of thermal degradation.…”

Section: Mechanosynthesis For Low-dimensional Metal Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspective on Predominant Metal Oxide Charge Transporting Materials for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Singh

Chu

2021

Front. Mater.

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Nowadays, the power conversion efficiency of organometallic mixed halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is beyond 25%. To fabricate highly efficient and stable PSCs, the performance of metal oxide charge transport layers (CTLs) is one of the key factors. The CTLs are employed in PSCs to separate the electrons and holes generated in the perovskite active layer, suppressing the charge recombination rate so that the charge collection efficiency can be increased at their respective electrodes. In general, engineering of metal oxide electron transport layers (ETLs) is found to be dominated in the research community to boost the performance of PSCs due to the resilient features of ETLs such as excellent electronic properties, high resistance to thermal temperature and moisture, ensuring good device stability as well as their high versatility in material preparation. The metal oxide hole transport layers in PSCs are recently intensively studied. The performance of PSCs is found to be very promising by using optimized hole transport materials. This review concisely discusses the evolution of some prevalent metal oxide charge transport materials (CTMs) including TiO2, SnO2, and NiOx, which are able to yield high-performance PSCs. The article begins with introducing the development trend of PSCs using different types of CTLs, pointing out the important criteria for metal oxides being effective CTLs, and then a variety of preparation methods for CTLs as employed by the community for high-performance PSCs are discussed. Finally, the challenges and prospects for future research direction toward scalable metal oxide CTM-based PSCs are delineated.

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Section: The Efficiency Evolution Of Pscs Using Different Metal Oxide Ctlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanosynthesis For Low-dimensional Metal Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanosynthesis For Low-dimensional Metal Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspective on Predominant Metal Oxide Charge Transporting Materials for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Singh

Chu

2021

Front. Mater.

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“…Organic substances and salts are also widely used as interfacial layers [32][33][34][35]. For example, p-type nickel oxide (NiO) was intercalated with cesium carbonate (Cs 2 CO 3 ) to function as a hole and as an electron transport layers for planar PSCs [36]. The treatment with cesium carbonate increases the energy conversion efficiency of inverted and conventional planar PSCs.…”

Section: The Structure Of a Psc Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of Stability Control of Perovskite Solar Cells for High Efficiency

et al. 2021

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The increasing demand for renewable energy devices over the past decade has motivated researchers to develop new and improve the existing fabrication techniques. One of the promising candidates for renewable energy technology is metal halide perovskite, owning to its high power conversion efficiency and low processing cost. This work analyzes the relationship between the structure of metal halide perovskites and their properties along with the effect of alloying and other factors on device stability, as well as causes and mechanisms of material degradation. The present work discusses the existing approaches for enhancing the stability of PSC devices through modifying functional layers. The advantages and disadvantages of different methods in boosting device efficiency and reducing fabrication cost are highlighted. In addition, the paper presents recommendations for the enhancement of interfaces in PSC structures.

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“…Organic–inorganic lead (Pb) halide perovskite material has received considerable attention in photovoltaics due to its outstanding optoelectronic properties, such as bandgap tunability, large absorption coefficient, long carrier diffusion lengths, and solution processability. − The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has demonstrated drastic improvement from 3.8% to 25.8% in the past few years. , This rapid growth can be attributed to exclusive research in the past years. − It took significant efforts by researchers worldwide to optimize the device architecture with proper stoichiometry and the choice of proper materials for hole and electron transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling Ultrafast Carrier Extraction in Highly Efficient 2D/3D Bilayer Perovskite Solar Cells

Singh

et al. 2022

ACS Photonics

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The development of multidimensional heterostructure (2D/3D) lead halide perovskites has emerged as an effective approach to enhancing the efficiency and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, a fundamental understanding of the working mechanisms, such as carrier extraction, and carrier transfer dynamics in the multidimensional perovskites heterostructures remains elusive. Here, we observe the ultrafast carrier extraction in highly efficient 2D/ 3D bilayer PSCs (power conversion efficiency of 21.12%) via femtosecond time-resolved pump−probe transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS). Notably, the formation of quasi-equilibrium states resulting in a subband absorption feature with an ultrafast lifetime of 440 fs was observed, and this feature is found only in 2D/3D perovskite heterostructure. The short-lived feature gives rise to the local electric-field-induced electroabsorption, resulting in an enhanced power conversion efficiency in 2D/3D PSCs. These findings can help comprehend the advanced working mechanism of highly efficient solar cells and other 2D/3D bilayer perovskite-based optoelectronic devices.

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Low-temperature processed bipolar metal oxide charge transporting layers for highly efficient perovskite solar cells

Cited by 13 publications

References 62 publications

Perspective on Predominant Metal Oxide Charge Transporting Materials for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Perspective on Predominant Metal Oxide Charge Transporting Materials for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Methods of Stability Control of Perovskite Solar Cells for High Efficiency

Unveiling Ultrafast Carrier Extraction in Highly Efficient 2D/3D Bilayer Perovskite Solar Cells

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