Low-Temperature Processed and Carbon-Based ZnO/CH3NH3PbI3/C Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells

Zhou, Huawei; Shi, Yantao; Wang, Kai; Dong, Qingshun; Bai, Xiaogong; Xing, Yujin; Du, Yi; Ma, Tingli

doi:10.1021/jp512101d

Cited by 156 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As a result, a pure perovskite layer with an even surface was obtained, which afforded a better contact at the perovskite/carbon interface, leading to a remarkable PCE of 14.38%, the highest reported thus far for carbon-based HTMfree PSCs. [18][19][20][21]28,29,[31][32][33][34][35][46][47][48][49] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent Engineering Boosts the Efficiency of Paintable Carbon‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells to Beyond 14%

Chen

Wei

et al. 2016

Advanced Energy Materials

317

205

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

hole transport materials (HTMs), and metal contact electrode. Discouragingly, the conventional organic HTMs (e.g., spiro-OMeTAD) are usually expensive and unstable. The noble metal electrode is also costly and requires vacuum thermal evaporation device. These problems will hinder the commercialization of PSCs in the future. Fortunately, it was found that HTM-free PSCs could also operate efficiently since the unique ambipolar property of the perovskite allows it to serve not only as a light harvester but also as a hole conductor. [12][13][14][15][16][17] In particular, carbon-based HTM-free PSCs show much promise to solve the above-mentioned problems because carbon materials are earth abundant, low-cost, and environmentally stable. [ 11,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] To date, the most effi cient (PCE ≈ 13%) carbon-based PSCs were reported by Han and colleagues. [ 18,19,21,27 ] In these devices, a TiO 2 scaffold layer, a porous ZrO 2 insulating layer, and a porous carbon electrode were sequentially deposited, followed by infi ltration of a perovskite precursor solution. In our previous works, we have simplifi ed the architecture and the fabrication process of the carbon-based PSCs by eliminating the ZrO 2 insulating layer and depositing the perovskite layer by the two-step method, [ 20,[28][29][30] demonstrating the PCE at ≈11%. [ 20,29,30 ] Very recently, a paintable carbon-based PSC was reported by several groups, [31][32][33][34][35] which was fabricated by fi rst depositing the perovskite layer and then printing the carbon electrode with a pre-prepared carbon paste, as illustrated in Figure 1 and Figure S1 (Supporting Information). The whole process is simple, at low temperature and low cost, apparently compatible with roll-to-roll production. However, the PCE of the paintable carbon-based PSCs is relatively low, viz., ≤10%. [31][32][33][34][35][36] Plausibly, the most important limiting factor for achieving high-effi ciency of the paintable carbon-based PSCs lies in the poor contact at perovskite/carbon interface because of the postdeposition process of carbon electrode, which seriously decreases fi ll factor (FF). [31][32][33][34] In order to tackle such a contact problem, it is necessary to produce an even perovskite layer to afford intimate contact at the perovskite/carbon interface. Onestep method has been successfully applied to prepare an even perovskite layer on planer PSCs. [ 8,[37][38][39] However, this method is unsuitable for depositing a good pore-fi lling perovskite layer in a relatively thick mesoscopic TiO 2 scaffold required for the Carbon-based hole transport material (HTM)-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown much promise for practical applications because of their high stability and low cost. However, the effi ciencies of this kind of PSCs are still relatively low, especially for the simplest paintable carbon-based PSCs, in comparison with the organic HTM-based PSCs. This can be imputed to the perovskite deposition methods that are not very suitable for this kind of devices. A...

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent Engineering Boosts the Efficiency of Paintable Carbon‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells to Beyond 14%

Chen

Wei

et al. 2016

Advanced Energy Materials

317

205

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Concerning materials, TiO 2 has been widely adopted in such duallayer structured ETL for M-PSCs so far [8,[12][13][14][15]. Actually, many attempts have been performed in order to make ETL kinetically more favorable, e.g., surface modifications, nanostructure tailoring, and the utilizations of alternative materials with better optoelectronic properties [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Compared with TiO 2 , SnO 2 is chemically stable as well and, more importantly, its charge mobility is almost two orders of magnitude higher than that of TiO 2 [11,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational design of SnO2-based electron transport layer in mesoscopic perovskite solar cells: more kinetically favorable than traditional double-layer architecture

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Here, the interfacial synergism of discontinuous spot shaped SnO 2 and TiO 2 mesoporous nanocomposite as electron transfer layer (ETL) underlayer is presented in highly efficient mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (M-PSCs). Based on this new strategy, strong charge recombination observed in previous SnO 2 -based ETLs is suppressed to a great extent as the pathways of charge recombination and energy loss are blocked effectively. Meanwhile, the internal series resistance of entire M-PSC is decreased remarkably. The new ETL is more kinetically favorable to electron transfer and thus results in significant photovoltaic improvement and alleviated hysteresis effect of M-PSCs.

show abstract

“…[60][61][62][63][64] In some architectures, devices using the carbon cathode do not even require a selective p-type contact. [60][61][62]65,66 Most remarkable is a triple-layer structure composed of mesoporous TiO 2 and mesoporous ZrO 2 , which is then infiltrated with MAPbI 3 and contacted by a thick carbon layer. 61 In the initial report, stable performance under full sunlight illumination, unencapsulated in ambient air for a period of more than 1000 h was reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Update: Strategies for improving the stability of perovskite solar cells

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The power-conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has soared up to 22.1% earlier this year. Within merely five years, the perovskite solar cell can now compete on efficiency with inorganic thin-film technologies, making it the most promising of the new, emerging photovoltaic solar cell technologies. The next grand challenge is now the aspect of stability. The hydrophilicity and volatility of the organic methylammonium makes the work-horse material methylammonium lead iodide vulnerable to degradation through humidity and heat. Additionally, ultraviolet radiation and oxygen constitute stressors which can deteriorate the device performance. There are two fundamental strategies to increasing the device stability: developing protective layers around the vulnerable perovskite absorber and developing a more resilient perovskite absorber. The most important reports in literature are summarized and analyzed here, letting us conclude that any long-term stability, on par with that of inorganic thin-film technologies, is only possible with a more resilient perovskite incorporated in a highly protective device design.

show abstract

Low-Temperature Processed and Carbon-Based ZnO/CH₃NH₃PbI₃/C Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 156 publications

References 25 publications

Solvent Engineering Boosts the Efficiency of Paintable Carbon‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells to Beyond 14%

Solvent Engineering Boosts the Efficiency of Paintable Carbon‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells to Beyond 14%

Rational design of SnO2-based electron transport layer in mesoscopic perovskite solar cells: more kinetically favorable than traditional double-layer architecture

Research Update: Strategies for improving the stability of perovskite solar cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About