Low temperature metal deposition processes for optoelectronic devices

Abstract

Photovoltaic cells require deposition of a platinum layer at the cathode to serve as a catalyst for reduction of redox carriers in PV cells. Current dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) employ high temperature decomposition of chloroplatinic acid to give platinum islands. In order to produce DSSCs with plastic substrates, a low temperature platinum deposition process was developed. Initial experiments showed that platinum was deposited if Karstedt platinum catalyst solution in hexamethyldisilazane (HMDZ) was coated onto a substrate followed by heating under150°C. PV cell performance of Karstedt-HMDZ-containing platinum was inferior to cells made with high temperature platinum. However, CODPtMe 2 (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) was found to be a platinum precursor that led to PV cell performance equivalent to that obtained from high temperature platinum. Other precursors were evaluated as well including MeCpPtMe 3 that permitted platinum deposition via UV irradiation. Kelvin Probe analysis was also performed on several platinum films prepared from a variety of precursors on several substrates under a variety of conditions. CPD values of < -0.6eV appeared to predict good PV cell performance. Further application of the low temperature-derived platinum films was made for organic light emitting diodes.

Exploiting Conformational Dynamics of Structurally Tuned Aryl-Substituted Terpyridyl Ruthenium(II) Complexes to Inhibit Charge Recombination in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

“…The slides were then cleaned with acetone, water, and methanol for 30 min each in an ultrasonic bath, as was done with the FTO slides prior to the TiO 2 film preparation. The platinum catalyst was deposited on top of the FTO by drop casting 5 mM chloroplatinic acid in isopropanol (5 μL/cm 2 ). , The coated counter electrodes were then slowly heated to 380 °C and held at 380 °C for 20 min to allow for thermal decomposition, forming platinum islands …”

Platinum(0)‐1,3‐divinyl‐1,1,3,3‐tetramethyldisiloxane Complex as a Pt Source for Pt/SnO2 Catalyst

“…It is known that solutions of Karstedt's catalyst (Pt(dvs)) thermally decompose with deposition of platinum [1]. This property may be used effectively in formation of metallic phase precursors [1] from such molecular complexes when applying CVD [2] or PVD technique [3].…”

“…It is known that solutions of Karstedt's catalyst (Pt(dvs)) thermally decompose with deposition of platinum [1]. This property may be used effectively in formation of metallic phase precursors [1] from such molecular complexes when applying CVD [2] or PVD technique [3]. Typically, an organometallic precursor of the desired metal is vaporized and deposited on a surface, hot enough to decompose the precursor, resulting in deposition of the metal and release of the precursor ligands.…”

“…Many of the CVD precursors are potential candidates for a low temperature metal deposition process. These metal precursors are frequently highly soluble in organic media and decompose at moderate temperatures or even under mild UV irradiation conditions [1].…”

“…Formation of metallic phase in a low temperature process could compete with traditional methods, in which a high temperature treatment plays a key role [4]. All platinum complexes decompose under oxidizing conditions at below 473 K. The vinyl complex, the so-called Karstedt's catalyst, was used to produce small Pt clusters [1,5].…”