Low-Temperature Growth Responses of the Tomato

Kemp, G. A.

doi:10.4141/cjps68-050

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…At temperatures below 10 and 12 °C fewer fruits are set (Went, 1944;Daubeny, 1961;Kemp, 1965Kemp, , 1967 and sometimes the whole truss aborts. In view of this, the failure in the present experiments to demonstrate a relationship between number of fruits and air temperature during flowering, which ranged from 7 to 12 °C, might indicate that it is a relatively unimportant factor influencing yield, at least in cv.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of fluid sowing pre-germinated seeds and transplanting on emergence, growth and yield of outdoor bush tomatoes

Gray¹,

Steckel²,

Ward³

1979

J. Agric. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Experiments on outdoor bush tomatoes cv. Sleaford Abundance were conducted during 3 years to compare seedling establishment from fluid-sown pre-germinated seeds with that from conventionally sown dry seeds and to compare the effects on ripening and yields of these establishment methods with transplanting. Fluid-sown pre-germinated seeds emerged about 15 days earlier than conventionally sown dry seeds from sowings made in late April (mean soil temperature at seed depth from sowing to emergence ranged from 9 to 11-5 °C) and about 6 days earlier from sowings made in mid-May (mean soil temperature ranged from 12 to 15 °C). The percentage seedling emergence from pregerminated fluid-sown seeds was, on average, 57 % from the earlier sowings and 65 % from the later sowings, 34 and 24 % higher, respectively, than from dry seeds sown conventionally. Plants from fluid-sown pre-germinated seeds were about 50 % heavier than those from dry seeds at all stages of growth up to flowering. Crops established by fluidsowing started to ripen 7 days earlier than those established from dry seeds, when averaged over sowing dates and years. Yields of ripe marketable fruit > 35 mm in. size from crops established from pre-germinated seeds were 35-2 t/ha, averaged over sowing and planting dates, 37 % higher than from dry seeds though 51 % lower than from transplants. In the two years with good growing seasons crops fluid sown in late April gave as good yields as those transplanted in late May and early June, after the last frosts, though in the cool wet year yields from fluid-sown crops were considerably lower than those from transplanted crops. Yields of ripe, marketable fruit from 'bare-root' plants raised from pre-germinated seeds in unheated Dutch-light structures were, on average, 48-5 t/ha, 25 % higher than from plants raised in soil blocks in a heated glasshouse.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of fluid sowing pre-germinated seeds and transplanting on emergence, growth and yield of outdoor bush tomatoes

Gray¹,

Steckel²,

Ward³

1979

J. Agric. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At all temperatures the distance was greatest in BL 6803 followed by BL 6807, and in both the distance was greater than in S 6916. Daubeny (1958), Curme (1962), and Kemp (1964) found differences among cultivari in ability to set fruit at low temperatures, and Johnson and Hall (1953) and Schaible (1962) found differences among cultivars at high temperatures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous research on fruit-set in tomatoes, Wittwer and Teubner (1957), Daubeny (1958), Curme (1962), Kemp (1964), Schaible (1962), and Coyne (1968) The stage of development at which the temperature treatments were startecl had no effect on the number of flowers produced and therefore does not agree with the results of Wittwer and Teubner (1951), who found that temperatures 2-3 weeks following cotyledonary expansion wcre critical for determining the number of flowers produced on the first cluster. The difference in response is probably due to the different cultivars used and possibly the lack of a thermoperiod.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomato Fruit-Set at High and Low Temperatures

Charles¹,

Harris²

1972

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The efiects of 10, 12.8, 18.3, and 26.7 Ctem-marily to poor pollen viability and germinaperatures on flower production, fruit-set and tion, and to a lesser extent to high stigrna size, pollen viabilityf stigma receptivity, and position in the antheridial cone. Et ZA.1 C, the height of stigma in the antheridial cone the high level of the stigma in the antheridial was determined in tomato lines selected for cone was the main factor reducing fruit-set abilitv_to.set fruit at high or 1ow temperatures. but the low stigma receptivity was a factor in Low fruit-set at 10

show abstract

“…All stages of the plant's development are affected by chilling temperatures, including germination, growth, and fruit set (4). The harvested fruit are also susceptible to chilling injury and low temperatures can disrupt the normal ripening process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assay of Chilling Injury in Wild and Domestic Tomatoes Based on Photosystem Activity of the Chilled Leaves

Smillie¹,

Nott²

1979

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tomato leaves were detached and stored at 0 C for various periods of time. Chloroplasts were isolated from the leaves and their photoreductive activities were determined. Comparisons were made between two altitudinal forms of the wild tomato Lycopersicon hirsutum Humb. and Bonpl. (a tropical lowlands form and a highlands form adapted to growth at 3,100 meters), and two cultivars of the domestic tomato L. esculentum Mill. In each case the capacity of the isolated chloroplasts to photoreduce ferricyanide declined linearly with time of storage of the leaves at 0 C, but not at 10 C. This injury developed more slowly in the high altitudinal form of the wild tomato compared with the low altitudinal form and the two domestic cultivars indicating an enhanced resistance toward chilling injury in the tomato from 3,100 meters. Chioroplast activity declined in green tomato fruit held at 0 C, at about the same rate as in the chilled leaves.Measurements of photochemical activities in the isolated chloroplasts and in vivo measurements of cytochrome-554 photooxidation in chilled leaves showed that the site of action of the chilling effect was water donation to photosystem II.The chilling-induced impairment of photoreductive activity in chioroplasts provides a useful assay for detecting and measuring differences in the susceptibility of plants to chilling injury.Plant physiological studies of chilling resistance in plants, as well as the breeding and selection of varieties with enhanced cold tolerance, are hampered by the lack of assays which can detect and measure chilling-induced cellular changes well before obvious tissue damage occurs. Cellular membranes appear to be especially sensitive to chilling temperatures (6) and indeed the membranelocalized Hill reaction activity of chloroplasts declines rapidly in chilled leaves of chilling-sensitive plants (3,5,7,8). This suggests the possibility of using measurements of Hill activity to detect early changes caused by chilling and to measure differences in resistance to chilling injury in closely related species.Tomatoes, in common with most plants of tropical origin, are damaged by prolonged exposure to chilling temperatures. All stages of the plant's development are affected by chilling temperatures, including germination, growth, and fruit set (4). The harvested fruit are also susceptible to chilling injury and low temperatures can disrupt the normal ripening process. We have examined changes in the photoreductive activity of chloroplasts isolated from chilled, detached leaves of two cultivars of the domestic tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum, and high and low altitudinal forms of the wild tomato, L. hirsutum. In all cases activities declined linearly with the time that the leaves were exposed to a chilling temperature of 0 C. There was a clear distinction between the rate of decline in the high and low altitudinal forms of the wild tomato indicating a considerable adaptation to low temperature. A chilling-induced decline in photoreductive activity also took place in green...

show abstract

Low-Temperature Growth Responses of the Tomato

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

The effects of fluid sowing pre-germinated seeds and transplanting on emergence, growth and yield of outdoor bush tomatoes

The effects of fluid sowing pre-germinated seeds and transplanting on emergence, growth and yield of outdoor bush tomatoes

Tomato Fruit-Set at High and Low Temperatures

Assay of Chilling Injury in Wild and Domestic Tomatoes Based on Photosystem Activity of the Chilled Leaves

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About