Low-Temperature Gas Plasma Combined with Antibiotics for the Reduction of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Both In Vitro and In Vivo
Abstract:Biofilm infections in wounds seriously delay the healing process, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of wound infections. In addition to inactivating micro-organisms, low-temperature gas plasma can restore the sensitivity of pathogenic microbes to antibiotics. However, the combined treatment has not been applied to infectious diseases. In this study, low-temperature gas plasma treatment promoted the effects of different antibiotics on the reduction of S. aureus biofilms in vitro. … Show more
“…An enhanced antibiofilm effect of NTP pre-treatment followed by ATBs (rifampicin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and vancomycin) against MRSA was reported (Guo et al 2021 ). MRSA ATCC 33591 biofilm formed on TSB agar plates was treated with NTP for 2, 4 or 6 min and subsequently with ATBs at concentrations of 625 (rifampicin) and 1250 mg/L (other ATBs), respectively.…”
Section: Combination Of Ntp Pre-treatment and Atbs Actionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One of the above-mentioned studies (Guo et al 2021 ) addressed not only the in vitro effect, but also the treatment of MRSA-infected wounds in a mouse model. Shaven and disinfected mice were wounded under anesthesia and infected with MRSA.…”
Section: Combination Of Ntp Pre-treatment and Atbs Actionmentioning
Antibiotic resistance (ATBR) is increasing every year as the overuse of antibiotics (ATB) and the lack of newly emerging antimicrobial agents lead to an efficient pathogen escape from ATB action. This trend is alarming and the World Health Organization warned in 2021 that ATBR could become the leading cause of death worldwide by 2050. The development of novel ATB is not fast enough considering the situation, and alternative strategies are therefore urgently requested. One such alternative may be the use of non-thermal plasma (NTP), a well-established antimicrobial agent actively used in a growing number of medical fields. Despite its efficiency, NTP alone is not always sufficient to completely eliminate pathogens. However, NTP combined with ATB is more potent and evidence has been emerging over the last few years proving this a robust and highly effective strategy to fight resistant pathogens. This minireview summarizes experimental research addressing the potential of NTP-ATB combination, particularly for inhibiting planktonic and biofilm growth and treating infections in mouse models caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The published studies highlight this combination as a promising solution to emerging ATBR, and further research is therefore highly desirable.
“…An enhanced antibiofilm effect of NTP pre-treatment followed by ATBs (rifampicin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and vancomycin) against MRSA was reported (Guo et al 2021 ). MRSA ATCC 33591 biofilm formed on TSB agar plates was treated with NTP for 2, 4 or 6 min and subsequently with ATBs at concentrations of 625 (rifampicin) and 1250 mg/L (other ATBs), respectively.…”
Section: Combination Of Ntp Pre-treatment and Atbs Actionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One of the above-mentioned studies (Guo et al 2021 ) addressed not only the in vitro effect, but also the treatment of MRSA-infected wounds in a mouse model. Shaven and disinfected mice were wounded under anesthesia and infected with MRSA.…”
Section: Combination Of Ntp Pre-treatment and Atbs Actionmentioning
Antibiotic resistance (ATBR) is increasing every year as the overuse of antibiotics (ATB) and the lack of newly emerging antimicrobial agents lead to an efficient pathogen escape from ATB action. This trend is alarming and the World Health Organization warned in 2021 that ATBR could become the leading cause of death worldwide by 2050. The development of novel ATB is not fast enough considering the situation, and alternative strategies are therefore urgently requested. One such alternative may be the use of non-thermal plasma (NTP), a well-established antimicrobial agent actively used in a growing number of medical fields. Despite its efficiency, NTP alone is not always sufficient to completely eliminate pathogens. However, NTP combined with ATB is more potent and evidence has been emerging over the last few years proving this a robust and highly effective strategy to fight resistant pathogens. This minireview summarizes experimental research addressing the potential of NTP-ATB combination, particularly for inhibiting planktonic and biofilm growth and treating infections in mouse models caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The published studies highlight this combination as a promising solution to emerging ATBR, and further research is therefore highly desirable.
“…This research has the potential to decrease the likelihood of implant-associated infections (IAIs) as well as the side effects associated with the infections. The use of CAP as a pre-treatment followed by antibiotics can potentially prevent and reduce the growth of biofilm structures at surgical sites and on implant surface [ 16 , 17 ].…”
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) remain a significant factor in hospitals, with implant surfaces often becoming contaminated by highly resistant strains of bacteria. Recent studies have shown that electrical plasma discharges can reduce bacterial load on surfaces, and this approach may help augment traditional antibiotic treatments. To investigate this, a cold atmospheric plasma was used to deposit tobramycin sulphate onto various surfaces, and the bacterial growth rate of K. pneumoniae in its planktonic and biofilm form was observed to probe the interactions between the plasma discharge and the antibiotic and to determine if there were any synergistic effects on the growth rate. The plasma-deposited tobramycin was still active after passing through the plasma field and being deposited onto titanium or polystyrene. This led to the significant inhibition of K. pneumoniae, with predictable antibiotic dose dependence. Separate studies have shown that the plasma treatment of the biofilm had a weak antimicrobial effect and reduced the amount of biofilm by around 50%. Combining a plasma pre-treatment on exposed biofilm followed by deposited tobramycin application proved to be somewhat effective in further reducing biofilm growth. The plasma discharge pre-treatment produced a further reduction in the biofilm load beyond that expected from just the antibiotic alone. However, the effect was not additive, and the results suggest that a complex interaction between plasma and antibiotic may be at play, with increasing plasma power producing a non-linear effect. This study may contribute to the treatment of infected surgical sites, with the coating of biomaterial surfaces with antibiotics reducing overall antibiotic use through the targeted delivery of therapeutics.
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