Pyrolysis
is a promising technology that can efficiently convert
biomass into gas, liquid, and solid fuels. Elucidating the biomass
pyrolysis reaction mechanism is essential for the effective biomass
utilization. However, the biomass components and structure are very
complex, which complicates the investigation of biomass pyrolysis
using traditional approaches. Two-dimensional perturbation correlation
infrared spectroscopy (2D-PCIS) represents a new analytical method
for visualizing the raw Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy data.
When volatile compound release properties are studied, the biomass
pyrolysis mechanism can be determined. In this paper, the theoretical
concept, developments, and applications of 2D-PCIS are described in
detail with the emphasis on probing biomass pyrolysis reactions via
the analysis of the functional group evolution and bond breakage processes.