Low-temperature degradation of Y-TZP ceramics: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Pereira, Gabriel Kalil Rocha; Venturini, Andressa Borin; Silvestri, T.; Dapieve, Kiara Serafini; Montagner, Anelise Fernandes; Soares, Fábio Zovico Maxnuck; Valandro, Luiz Felipe

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.10.017

Cited by 178 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Spectra were collected using the BraggBrentano geometry in the 2θ range from 25 to 35 degrees, at a step interval of 1 s, and step size of 0.03 degrees/step. The amount of m-phase (Xm) and the volumetric fraction (Fm) was calculated using the method developed by Garvie & Nicholson modified by Toraya and collaborators (21), extensively used and described on previous literature (4,5,13).…”

Section: Phase Analysis By X-ray Diffraction (Xrd Analysis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the many available protocols used for inducing aging effects (LTD) on Y-TZP ceramics, Pereira and collaborators (5) showed that autoclave aging, under at least 134°C, 2 bar pressure for 20 h, is an effective way to produce and to evaluate the effects of LTD, since this aging method leads to increase of 60% in m-phase content approximately. Additionally, Chevalier and collaborators (4) stated that an autoclave cycle at 134°C, 2 bar pressure for 5h would simulate 15-20 years of exposure to environment at 37°C temperature.…”

Section: Fatigue Strength Of Ground and Aged Y-tzpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…spreading of m-phase on surface and subsurface) may result in grain detachment (pull-out), increase in surface roughness, decrease in density; consequently it could impair the material's mechanical properties (4,5). Kobayashi and collaborators (6) described this mechanism as low-temperature degradation (LTD) and showed that it is accelerated under presence of water and temperature changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Grinding and Multi-Stimuli Aging on the Fatigue Strength of a Y-TZP Ceramic

et al. 2018

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of grinding and multi-stimuli aging on the fatigue strength, surface topography and the phase transformation of Y-TZP ceramic. Discs were manufactured according to ISO-6872:2008 for biaxial flexure testing (diameter: 15 mm; thickness: 1.2 mm) and randomly assigned considering two factors "grinding" and "aging": C-control (as-sintered); CA-control + aging; G-ground; GA-ground + aging. Grinding was carried out with coarse diamond burs under water-cooling. Aging protocols consisted of: autoclave (134°C, 2 bars pressure, 20 hours), followed by storage for 365 days (samples were kept untouched at room temperature), and by mechanical cycling (10 6 cycles by 20 Hz under a load of 50% from the biaxial flexure monotonic tests). Flexural fatigue strengths (20,000 cycles; 6 Hz) were determined under sinusoidal cyclic loading using staircase approach. Additionally, surface topography analysis by FE-SEM and phase transformation analysis by X-ray Diffractometry were performed. Dixon and Mood methodology was used to analyze the fatigue strength data. Grinding promotes alterations of topographical pattern, while aging apparently did not alter it. Grinding triggered t-m phase transformation without impacting the fatigue strength of the Y-TZP ceramic; and aging promoted an intense t-m transformation that resulted in a toughening mechanism leading to higher fatigue strength for as-sintered condition, and a tendency of increase for ground condition (C < CA; G = GA). It concludes that grinding and aging procedures did not affect deleteriously the fatigue strength of the evaluated Y-TZP ceramic, although, it promotes surface topography alterations, except to aging, and t-m phase transformation. Effect of Grinding and Multi-S t i m u l i A g i n g o n t h e F a t i g u e S t r e n g t h o f a Y-T Z P C e r a m i c

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Section: Phase Analysis By X-ray Diffraction (Xrd Analysis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fatigue Strength Of Ground and Aged Y-tzpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Grinding and Multi-Stimuli Aging on the Fatigue Strength of a Y-TZP Ceramic

et al. 2018

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“…This method has been extensively used 8 and described in the literature. 6,16 To assess the effect of time and to follow the t-m phase transformation mechanism during under water storage, additional specimens (n = 2), subjected to storage under ambient conditions (room temperature ± 25°C, without moisture, in a sealed plastic vessel), were made for baseline comparisons.…”

Section: Phase Transformation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 T heoret ica l ly, LTD is a t i me-dependent phenomenon that occurs faster when the Y-TZP is submitted to a humid environment with constant temperature changes. 2,6,8 In general, LTD has been studied under specific aging conditions (storage in distilled water, storage in acidic solutions, autoclave cycles, mechanical cycling, etc.). 2,9,10,11 Only a few studies 6,12,13,14 assessed combined aging treatments (autoclave + mechanical cycling; thermal + mechanical cycling) to simulate more accurately the aging process in a clinical condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical behavior of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal: Effects of different aging regimens

et al. 2017

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This study aimed to characterize and compare the effect of different aging regimens on surface characteristic (topography and roughness), structural stability (phase transformation) and mechanical performance (Weibull analysis) of a Y-TZP ceramic. Discs (15 × 1.2 mm; VITA In-Ceram YZ) were prepared according to ISO 6872-2015 for biaxial flexural strength testing and randomly assigned into five groups (n = 30): as-sintered, no aging treatment (CTRL); 20 h in autoclave at 134°C, 2 bar pressure (AUT); intermittent mechanical loading at 20 Hz/10 6 load pulses (MechLoad); AUT followed by MechLoad (AUT+MechLoad); and storage in distilled water at 37°C, for 1 year (STO). The following analyses were performed: roughness (n = 30), surface topography (n = 2), phase transformation (n = 2) and biaxial flexure strength (n = 30). Phase transformation (increase of m-phase content) was shown to be a spontaneous, unavoidable and time-dependent process, occurring even under ambient conditions (dry storage after 1 year = 6.0% increase), and is considerably accelerated in the presence of moisture (STO = 17.6%; AUT= 63.1%; and AUT+MechLoad = 59.9%). For roughness parameters, only Ra was affected by aging, and the highest values were observed for AUT+MechLoad (0.25 ± 0.07 µm). For Weibull analysis, structural reliability (Weibull moduli) and characteristic strength were not impaired after aging, and some aging conditions led to increased values (highest weibull moduli in AUT, and highest characteristic strength in STO). Phase transformation proves to be a time-dependent spontaneous mechanism that is accelerated in the presence of different stimuli. However, none of the aging regimens had a negative effect on the characteristic strength and structural reliability of Y-TZP ceramic.

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Comparative effects of glazing versus polishing on mechanical, optical, and surface properties of zirconia ceramics with different translucencies

Jamali,

Ezoji,

Esmaeili

et al. 2024

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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ObjectivesThis study compared the effects of glazing versus polishing on mechanical, optical, and surface properties of zirconia ceramics with different translucencies.Materials and MethodsIn this in vitro study, 120 bar‐shaped specimens (25 × 4 × 1.2 mm) were fabricated from three different types of zirconia with different translucencies (n = 40, DD Bio ZW, ZX2, and Cube X2). After sintering, each zirconia group was randomly divided into five subgroups of control (glazing), glazing + bur abrasion, glazing + bur abrasion + polishing with EVE Diacera® kit, glazing + bur abrasion + reglazing, and glazing + bur abrasion + polishing with EVE Diacera® kit + reglazing. The specimens underwent surface roughness, hardness, flexural strength, and translucency tests, as well as X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for assessment of surface topography. Data were analyzed by one‐way analysis of variance, Tukey test, and Pearson test (α = .05).ResultsFlexural strength, surface hardness, and translucency were significantly correlated with zirconia type. ZW zirconia had significantly higher flexural strength and surface hardness and significantly lower translucency than Cube X2 and ZX2 (p < .001). Surface roughness had no significant correlation with zirconia type (p = .274). Polishing created the smoothest, and bur abrasion created the roughest surface (p < .001). Flexural strength and hardness in most experimental groups were significantly lower than in the control group (p < .001). Translucency was not significantly different in bur abrasion and polishing groups, compared with the control group; however, reglazing significantly increased the translucency (p < .001). SEM micrographs confirmed the surface roughness results. XRD showed monoclinic phase only in reglazed groups.ConclusionOf different surface treatments, polishing improved the surface properties and caused the smallest change in mechanical properties of zirconia with different translucencies.

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Low-temperature degradation of Y-TZP ceramics: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 178 publications

References 50 publications

Effect of Grinding and Multi-Stimuli Aging on the Fatigue Strength of a Y-TZP Ceramic

Effect of Grinding and Multi-Stimuli Aging on the Fatigue Strength of a Y-TZP Ceramic

Mechanical behavior of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal: Effects of different aging regimens

Comparative effects of glazing versus polishing on mechanical, optical, and surface properties of zirconia ceramics with different translucencies

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