Low-Temperature Atomic Layer Deposition of Metal Oxide Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Stability under Harsh Environmental Conditions

Lv, Yifan; Xu, Piaohan; Ren, Guang‐Jie; Chen, Fei; Nan, Huirong; Liu, Ruqing; Wang, Dong; Tan, Xiao; Liu, Xiaoyuan; Zhang, Hui; Chen, Zhi-Kuan

doi:10.1021/acsami.8b07346

Cited by 91 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(96 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Though device encapsulation and interface engineering have been proven to be effective to improve the stability of the perovskite devices externally, [ 17,18 ] improving the inherently unstable nature of perovskite materials should still be considered as the main approach to be investigated. [ 19–22 ] Previous researches have demonstrated that the low formation energy of detrimental defects especially at the surface and grain boundaries is responsible for perovskite deterioration.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

A Polymerization‐Assisted Grain Growth Strategy for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intrinsically, detrimental defects accumulating at the surface and grain boundaries limit both the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells. Small molecules and bulkier polymers with functional groups are utilized to passivate these ionic defects but usually suffer from volatility and precipitation issues, respectively. Here, starting from the addition of small monomers in the PbI2 precursor, a polymerization‐assisted grain growth strategy is introduced in the sequential deposition method. With a polymerization process triggered during the PbI2 film annealing, the bulkier polymers formed will be adhered to the grain boundaries, retaining the previously established interactions with PbI2. After perovskite formation, the polymers anchored on the boundaries can effectively passivate undercoordinated lead ions and reduce the defect density. As a result, a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.0% is obtained, together with a prolonged lifetime where 85.7% and 91.8% of the initial PCE remain after 504 h continuous illumination and 2208 h shelf storage, respectively.

show abstract

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

A Polymerization‐Assisted Grain Growth Strategy for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bella et al demonstrated the effectiveness of photocurable fluoropolymers as encapsulation on both the transparent as well as the opaque side of the device . Alternative, Lv et al reported that a trilayer of Al 2 O 3 /O−Al−(CH 3 ) 3− x /Al 2 O 3 deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on top of the metal contact of a perovskite solar cell, provides good stability against moisture . Next to the compact ALD Al 2 O 3 layers, the intermediate reactant in between the two Al 2 O 3 films acts as a scavenger of the few water molecules permeating the external layer.…”

Section: Tandem Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Solution‐Processed Multijunction Organic Solar Cells

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Single-junction solar cells are principally limited in performance by two factors (Figure 1a). Electrons excited by photons with energy higher than the bandgap relax to the band edges, releasing surplus energy as heat (thermalization loss). Photons with energy lower than the bandgap are not absorbed (transmission loss). These losses can be alleviated with two or more absorber layers. The first layer should feature a wide bandgap material to reduce the thermalization loss for high-energy photons. The second layer should have a lower bandgap to absorb the low-energy photons that pass the first layer. In such configuration a tandem cell provides less thermalization and less transmission losses than each of the corresponding single-junction cells. In the detailed-balance limit, a double-junction (tandem) cell can reach an efficiency of 42% and a triple-junction cell 49%. [6] To construct a tandem cell, the two complementary absorber layers must be stacked optically and electrically ( Figure 1b). The interconnecting layer (ICL) between the two subcells must pass light and sustain the photocurrent by providing an optically transparent electrical contact for recombination of electrons and holes from the adjacent photoactive layers. The Fermi level of the hole-transporting layer (HTL) and the electron-transporting layer (ETL) that jointly form the ICL must match the relevant highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels in the adjacent photoactive layers (Figure 1b). The ICL should not cause voltage losses and have low resistance. The open-circuit voltage (V OC ) of the tandem solar cell is ideally the sum of the V OC s of the subcells and the photocurrent is limited by the subcell generating less current. To overcome the intrinsic performance limits of single-junction cells, the subcells should absorb complementary regions of the solar spectrum and generate equal photocurrent.In the first organic tandem solar cells, materials were thermally evaporated. Initially only metal clusters were used to interconnect the subcells, [7][8][9] later complemented by p-and n-doped organic transport layers. [10,11] In 2007, the first fully solution-processed tandem polymer solar cells were reported by Gilot et al. [12] and Kim et al. [13] In both examples the ICL featured a layer of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as HTL, stacked on top of either a zinc oxide or a titanium oxide layer as ETL. Kim et al. achieved a PCE of 6.5%. Since then PCEs have steadily increased. Major improvements involved the use of more efficient photoactive blends that afford a high V OC relative to their optical bandgap The efficiency of organic solar cells can benefit from multijunction device architectures, in which energy losses are substantially reduced. Herein, recent developments in the field of solution-processed multijunction organic solar cells are described. Recently, various strategies have been investigated and implemented to improve the performance of these device...

show abstract

“…[14] Other metal oxides have been used as ETL in PSCs, including ZnO and Nb 2 O 5. To avoid high-temperature calcination, Lv et al used low-temperature ALD technology to introduce the pinhole-free TiO 2 layer into PSCs., showing that the degradation of the perovskite layer during the process of fabricating the TiO 2 layer is indeed negligible.…”

Section: Etlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the TiO 2 layer fabricated by low-temperature ALD can significantly reduce the interfacial charge recombination and enhance the water resistance; with this improvement, the device can finally achieve a PCE of 18.3 %. [14] Other metal oxides have been used as ETL in PSCs, including ZnO and Nb 2 O 5. Similar to TiO 2 , the morphology and structure of ZnO used in PSCs mainly consist of dense planes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 and nanostructures.…”

Section: Etlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After immersing them in deionized water for up to 2 hours, no significant decrease of PCE and photocurrent was observed. [14] In order to further block the vapor to penetrate to the interior of the perovskite device, Lv [65] The 20 nm intermediate Al 2 O 3 layer reacts with water molecules and slowly produces a more compact Al 2 O 3 layer. The study of using Al 2 O 3 as a device encapsulation layer can also be found in the work of author group at Jilin University.…”

Section: Thin Film Encapsulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Functional Metal Oxides in Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As extremely important inorganic materials, metal oxides play an irreplaceable role in solid perovskite solar cells. In this review, the preparation methods of metal oxides, their effects on the perovskite optoelectronic devices incorporated with the energy level compatibility of perovskite materials are provided. Finally, the possible reactions between interfaces during growth progress as well as passivation mechanism of some metal oxides to perovskite materials are discussed. The physical, chemical, and electrical properties of functional metal oxides endow the enhancement of the efficiency and stability of perovskite photovoltaic devices.[a] Dr.

show abstract

Low-Temperature Atomic Layer Deposition of Metal Oxide Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Stability under Harsh Environmental Conditions

Cited by 91 publications

References 58 publications

A Polymerization‐Assisted Grain Growth Strategy for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

A Polymerization‐Assisted Grain Growth Strategy for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Advances in Solution‐Processed Multijunction Organic Solar Cells

Functional Metal Oxides in Perovskite Solar Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About