Low temperature alkali pretreatment for improving enzymatic digestibility of sweet sorghum bagasse for ethanol production

Wu, Long; Arakane, Mitsuhiro; Ike, Masakazu; Wada, Masahisa; Takai, Tomoyuki; Gau, Mitsuru; Tokuyasu, Ken

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.023

Cited by 152 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Pretreatment is a crucial step in biomass-ethanol conversion; its goals are to break the lignin/hemicellulose seal, disrupt the crystalline structure of cellulose, and increase the total surface area of cellulose to make the polysaccharides more susceptible to enzyme hydrolysis (Mosier et al, 2005;Whitfield et al, 2012). Numerous pretreatment methods have been employed for biomass processing, such as steam explosion, dilute acid, alkali, ammonia fiber explosion, and supercritical CO 2 (Wu et al, 2011). Among these methods, diluted sulfuric acid pretreatment has been used frequently in biomass-ethanol processing (Saha et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards understanding structural changes of photoperiod-sensitive sorghum biomass during sulfuric acid pretreatment

Shi

Wang

2013

Bioresource Technology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards understanding structural changes of photoperiod-sensitive sorghum biomass during sulfuric acid pretreatment

Shi

Wang

2013

Bioresource Technology

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“…Wu et al (2011) showed with increasing treatment time (30 to 120min) at low concentration of lye (0.5M), improved the lignin reduction approximately 15% at room temperature in SSB. Alkaline (2% NaOH) and thermal integrated pretreatment (110-230 °C ) resulted higher lignin removal and improve accessibility to enzymes (increment of saccharification from 32-90%), however hemicelluloses eroded increasingly (Sun et al, 2015).…”

Section: Optimization Of Lye Pretreatment By Lignin Reductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Laboratory scale optimization of alkali pretreatment for improving enzymatic hydrolysis of sweet sorghum bagasse

Umagiliyage

Choudhary

Liang

et al. 2015

Industrial Crops and Products

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Sweet sorghum has been identified as a promising feedstock for biological conversion to fuels as well as other chemicals. The lignocellulosic stalk of sweet sorghum, called sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB) is a potential source of lignocellulosic biofuel. The primary goal of this study was to determine optimal alkali (lime : Ca(OH)2 and lye : NaOH) pretreatment conditions to obtain higher yield of total reducing sugar while reducing the lignin content for biofuel production from SSB. Biomass conversion and lignin removal were simultaneously optimized through four quadratic models analyzed by response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions for lime pretreatment was 1.7% (w/v) lime concentration, 6.0% (w/v) SSB loading, 2.4 h pretreatment time with predicted yields of 85.6 total biomass conversion and 35.5% lignin reduction. For lye pretreatment, 2% (w/v) alkali, 6.8% SSB loading and 2.3 h duration were the optimal levels with predicted biomass conversion and lignin reduction of 92.9% and 50.0%, respectively. More intensive pretreatment conditions removed higher amounts of hemicelluloses and cellulose. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum and scanning electron microscope (SEM) image revealed compositional and microstructural changes caused by the alkali pretreatment.

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“…The result is comparable to that of a previous study, that bmr sorghum is more susceptible to low-temperature alkali pretreatment than non-bmr sorghum. 13) Interestingly, both the hexose and the pentose yield of bmr6 were higher than that of n6. In contrast, a higher yield of pentose alone was observed in bmr18, and no significant difference in the hexose yield was observed between bmr18 and n18.…”

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confidence: 95%

Effect of Lime Pretreatment of Brown Midrib Sorghums

Maehara

Takai

Ishiga

et al. 2011

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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The effect of lime pretreatment of brown midrib sorghums on enzymatic saccharification was investigated. Under most of the pretreatment conditions, the saccharification yields of bmrs were higher than those of the normal counterparts. This result suggests that bmr is useful to reduce pretreatment costs, because the amount of lime necessary for the pretreatment of biomass can reduced by using bmr mutants.Key words: brown midrib; enzymatic saccharification; lime pretreatment; sorghum Plant cell walls (lignocellulosic biomass) are the most abundant source of biomass in the world. To address the global warming and safeguard global energy issues, it is desirable to produce bioethanol from lignocellulose biomass to avoid competition between food and fuel production.Lignocelluloses, which has complex structure based on celluloses, hemicelluloses and lignins are difficult to saccharify by enzymes without any pretreatment, because they have been developed as a stuructual component of plants. Many studies of thermochemical pretreatment of biomass have been done in order to make enzymatic saccharification easier, 1) but the capital cost of pretreatment and production and/or purchase of cellulase enzymes remain the dominant cost hurdles to overcome.2) Hence, the technological development is required to reduce the cost of bioethanol production.Sorghum is a C4 crop of the grass family belonging to the genus Sorghum bicolor L. It is well adapted to temperate climates and can be cultured from Kyushu to Tohoku area in Japan. The plant grows to a height of about 120 to above 400 cm, depending on variety and growing conditions, and is an annual or a short perennial crop. It is considered to be one of the most drought resistant agricultural crops, as it is able to remain dormant during the driest periods.3) In recent years, sorghums have gained increasing importance as a bioenergy source. There are many species that have advantages as the raw material for bioethanol, because it is used as an animal feed. One example is the brown midrib (bmr) forage genotypes, 4,5) which are a useful marker for the breeding of highly digestible lines. Although sorghums having the bmr mutation show higher digestibility and are easily saccharified by cellulase, normally pretreatment is necessary for efficient enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass in bioethanol production. Because hardly any study has been done to evaluate the application of bmr sorghums to bioethanol production, in this study, we investigated the pretreatment of sorghum with and without bmr mutants. Sorghum strains such as bmr6, bmr18 and their normal counterparts (n6 and n18, respectively) were harvested at the National Agricultural Research Center for Kyushu Okinawa Region of Japan. It is known that the bmr strain has the mutation in the enzymes involved in lignin biosynthesis. bmr6 was characterized as a mutant that has a mutation principally affecting cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) activity.6) In contrast, bmr18 has a mutation in the O-methyl transferase (COM...

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Low temperature alkali pretreatment for improving enzymatic digestibility of sweet sorghum bagasse for ethanol production

Cited by 152 publications

References 33 publications

Towards understanding structural changes of photoperiod-sensitive sorghum biomass during sulfuric acid pretreatment

Towards understanding structural changes of photoperiod-sensitive sorghum biomass during sulfuric acid pretreatment

Laboratory scale optimization of alkali pretreatment for improving enzymatic hydrolysis of sweet sorghum bagasse

Effect of Lime Pretreatment of Brown Midrib Sorghums

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