Low-temperature activation of carbon black by selective photocatalytic oxidation

Ostyn, Niels R.; Steele, Julian A.; Prins, Michiel De; Sree, Sreeprasanth Pulinthanathu; Chandran, C. Vinod; Wangermez, Wauter; Vanbutsele, Gina; Seo, Jin Won; Roeffaers, Maarten B. J.; Breynaert, Eric; Martens, Johan A.

doi:10.1039/c9na00188c

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The carbon powder shows a broad peak at 2θ = 26°, which is attributed to the graphitic structure (002) of the carbon powder. 29,30 Contrarily, the composite shows a sharp peak at 2θ = 28°, with a d spacing of 3.25 Å. We assume that the sharp peak at 2θ = 28°is associated with molecular ordering by cation−π interactions between the carbon black and the IL.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

A Transient Supercapacitor with a Water-Dissolvable Ionic Gel for Sustainable Electronics

Yamada

2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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We develop an environmentally benign supercapacitor, which decomposes by contact with water, incorporating an ionic liquid, carbon powder, a cellulose separator, and a molybdenum electrode. The ionic liquid is dispersed into a water-dissolvable polymer, poly(vinyl alcohol), to produce a solid electrolyte, so-called ionic gel. A carbon composite mixed with the ionic liquid maintains a gel form. The ionic gel and the carbon composite enable an all-solid-state supercapacitor, which can be charged at a voltage of 1.5 V. The supercapacitor shows areal and volumetric capacitances of 65 mF/cm2 and 2.2 F/cm3, respectively. A cycle test reveals that capacitance retention and Coulombic efficiency are 77 and 90%, respectively. As for the dissolution test, the ionic gel and carbon composite dissolves in phosphate buffer solution in 18 days, and the Mo electrode is able to fully dissolve in 500–588 days. Potential applications of the environmentally benign supercapacitor include smart agriculture by monitoring of soil and disaster prevention by a wireless sensor network without the need for retrieval of devices after use.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

A Transient Supercapacitor with a Water-Dissolvable Ionic Gel for Sustainable Electronics

Yamada

2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Note that the photon energy of 254 nm UV light (469.6 kJ/mol) is comparable to the bond energy of C–C (473 kJ/mol) and higher than the bond energy of C–O (358 kJ/mol). Under ambient conditions, when the GCF is irradiated with UV light, C–C and C–O bonds are broken and react with highly reactive oxygen to release CO and CO 2 . , Carbonyl groups (CO) and carboxylate groups (OC–O) can be formed through aerobic photooxidation. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under ambient conditions, when the GCF is irradiated with UV light, C−C and C−O bonds are broken and react with highly reactive oxygen to release CO and CO 2 . 29,30 Carbonyl groups (C�O) and carboxylate groups (O�C−O) can be formed through aerobic photooxidation. 31,32 The proportion of carboxylate groups in CNF was only 3% (Figure S6, Supporting Information); however, after photothermal graphitization, it increased to 23% in GCF0.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Enhancement of Moisture-driven Power Generators by Photofragmentation of Inorganic Salt Particles

Eun

Jeon

2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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We developed a novel method based on the photofragmentation of inorganic salt particles for improving the moisture-electric energy transformation performance of a moisturedriven power generator (MPG). Infrared laser irradiation on cellulose nanofiber films (CNFs) prepared by a TEMPO (2,2,6,6tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical)-mediated oxidation of bleached pulp induced a photothermal conversion of CNFs to porous graphitic carbon films (GCFs) with the catalyst-derived Na 2 O 2 particles. Since the laser beam was focused on the top surface of CNF, the gradients of the photothermal conversion of CNFs and Na 2 O 2 concentration were created along the thickness direction. Subsequent irradiation with ultraviolet (UV) light induced the photofragmentation of the micrometer-sized Na 2 O 2 particles into smaller ones, which increased the surface area of the salt particles in contact with the GCFs and consequently increased the number of effective dissociable charge carriers. When the GCF was exposed to moisture, the dissociated sodium ions migrated along the preformed concentration gradient, producing continuous outputs of current and voltage. At 90% relative humidity, the maximum voltage and current density outputs of the MPG increased from 0.91 V and 18.7 μA/cm 2 before UV irradiation to 1.10 V and 56.2 μA/cm 2 after UV irradiation, respectively. Additionally, we demonstrated that a green light-emitting diode could be turned on without capacitors or rectifiers during normal breathing while wearing a face mask with three GCF arrays attached (each 3 mm × 3 mm × 0.1 mm in size).

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“…Recently, many studies have been conducted to effectively and rapidly remove VOCs, such as adsorption, thermal oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation, and biofiltration [7][8][9]. Among them, photocatalysts have been widely studied because they are environmentally friendly and produce water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as final byproducts [10][11][12]. In addition, photocatalytic materials have the advantage of being activated with only solar energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of New TiO2 Photocatalyst for Removing Organic Dyes and Hazardous VOCs in Air Purifier System

Lee

Jeong

Shin³

et al. 2023

Catalysts

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We synthesized an amorphous Ti-based hydroperoxo complex (ATPC) using a facile method involvingonly titanium hydride (TiH2) and H2O2 under mild conditions. We chose TiH2 as the precursor because it has more reactive sites than metal oxides such as TiO2. Qualitative and quantitative optical measurements showed that our synthesized ATPC photocatalysts contained many hydroperoxo groups and various oxidation states of Ti (Ti2+, Ti3+, and Ti4+). Thus, the synthesized ATPC exhibits excellent photocatalytic properties with very fast rates of organic decolorization compared to other conventional visiblelight catalysts. The presence of many hydroperoxo complexes increases the formation of active radicals, which can degrade VOCs such as acetaldehyde in a gas phase. To test the application of the synthesized ATPC, we fabricated a filter system in an air purifier using ATPC coating layers and successfully removed the VOCs. We also proposed a possible photocatalytic oxidation mechanism with ATPC based on this study. It is important to conduct application tests as well as commercialization in photocatalytic experiments.

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Low-temperature activation of carbon black by selective photocatalytic oxidation

Abstract: Carbon black is chemically activated by selective TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation functionalizing the graphitic carbon fraction, while mineralizing amorphous carbon.

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

A Transient Supercapacitor with a Water-Dissolvable Ionic Gel for Sustainable Electronics

A Transient Supercapacitor with a Water-Dissolvable Ionic Gel for Sustainable Electronics

Performance Enhancement of Moisture-driven Power Generators by Photofragmentation of Inorganic Salt Particles

Fabrication of New TiO2 Photocatalyst for Removing Organic Dyes and Hazardous VOCs in Air Purifier System

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