Low Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level and Risk of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Children and Adolescents

Science, Michelle; Maguire, Jonathon L.; Russell, Margaret L.; Śmieja, Marek; Walter, Stephen D.; Loeb, Mark

doi:10.1093/cid/cit289

Cited by 124 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…As mentioned previously, 1,25(OH)2D stimulates the expression of anti-microbial peptides, synthesized in neutrophils, monocytes, Natural Killer (NK) cells but also in epithelial cells lining the respiratory tract where they are crucial in protecting the lung from infection [38,[49][50][51]. One of the reasons why influenza occurs in the winter season in tepid climates has long thought to be linked to the skin inability to synthesize sufficient amounts of vitamin D thereby promoting and enhancing the infectivity of the influenza virus [52].…”

Section: Immune Function and Upper Respiratory Tract Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Vitamins C, D and Zinc: Synergistic Roles in Immune Function and Infections

Maggini¹,

Maldonado²,

Cardim³

et al. 2017

Vitam Miner

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The immune system is a complex and sophisticated network of specialized tissues, organs, cells, proteins, and chemicals which has evolved in order to protect the host from a range of dangerous agents such as bacteria, virus, fungi, and parasites. There is a close relationship between nutritional status and immune function. Hence, immunocompetence can be regarded as a measure of adequate nutrition. Inter-individual variations in many immune functions exist within the normal healthy population and are due to age, genetics, gender, ethnic background, socioeconomic situation, diet, stress, habitual levels of exercise, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, etc. In addition, seasonal and temperature changes as well as being in crowded spaces (e.g., while commuting in public means of transportation, or working in open space offices) pose an additional burden on the immune system. Here we review the literature on the immune supportive properties of vitamins C, D and zinc and the impact of their supplementation in reducing the incidence or ameliorating symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections, which are among the most common infections in humans. Finally, we discuss their relevance in situations known to challenge the immune system such as exposure to temperature changes, to pollutants, or being in crowded spaces which serve as mixers where pathogens can stay suspended and transfer from host to host thereby increasing the risk of spreading infectious diseases because of close contact and long exposure.

show abstract

Section: Immune Function and Upper Respiratory Tract Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Vitamins C, D and Zinc: Synergistic Roles in Immune Function and Infections

Maggini¹,

Maldonado²,

Cardim³

et al. 2017

Vitam Miner

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, an RCT among 744 Mongolian school-age children showed that vitamin D supplementation significantly increased their serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and halved their risk of acute respiratory infections [93]. The relationship between lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and a higher risk of respiratory infection was also confirmed by a Canadian study [94]. The need for high-quality, large-scale food intervention studies was highlighted in a recent review of 87 meta-analyses of vitamin D trials that failed to show any clear benefit of vitamin D supplementation for any medical outcomes [95].…”

Section: Early-life Origins Of Chronic Respiratory Diseases | S Carrmentioning

confidence: 91%

Early-life origins of chronic respiratory diseases: understanding and promoting healthy ageing

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic obstructive respiratory disorders such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease often originate early in life. In addition to a genetic predisposition, prenatal and early-life environmental exposures have a persistent impact on respiratory health. Acting during a critical phase of lung development, these factors may change lung structure and metabolism, and may induce maladaptive responses to harmful agents, which will affect the whole lifespan.Some environmental factors, such as exposure to cigarette smoke, type of childbirth and diet, may be modifiable, but it is more difficult to influence other factors, such as preterm birth and early exposure to viruses or allergens.Here, we bring together recent literature to analyse the critical aspects involved in the early stages of lung development, going back to prenatal and perinatal events, and we discuss the mechanisms by which noxious factors encountered early on may have a lifelong impact on respiratory health.We briefly comment on the need for early disease biomarkers and on the possible role of ''-omic'' technologies in identifying risk profiles predictive of chronic respiratory conditions. Such profiles could guide the ideation of effective preventive strategies and/or targeted early lifestyle or therapeutic interventions. @ERSpublications Early-life factors have a role in onset of asthma and COPD; early postnatal interventions may promote lung health http://ow.ly/BvUrx

show abstract

“…Despite routine oral supplementation with vitamin D, more than 90% of CF patients are presented with insufficient serum vitamin D levels (<30 ng·mL −1 ) [10,11]. Epidemiological studies show an inverse association of vitamin D levels in the serum and infections of the upper [12,13] and lower [14,15] respiratory tract. Moreover, vitamin D status and metabolism have been reported to modulate virus infections such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) [16,17] and influenza A virus (IAV) [18,19] infection, demonstrating a central role of this molecule in the innate immune response to respiratory viruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D represses rhinovirus replication in cystic fibrosis cells by inducing LL-37

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vitamin D has immunomodulatory properties in the defence against pathogens. Its insufficiency is a widespread feature of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, which are repeatedly suffering from rhinovirus (RV)-induced pulmonary exacerbations.To investigate whether vitamin D has antiviral activity, primary bronchial epithelial cells from CF children were pre-treated with vitamin D and infected with RV16. Antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity of vitamin D was assessed. RV and LL-37 levels were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of CF children infected with RV.Vitamin D reduced RV16 load in a dose-dependent manner in CF cells (

show abstract

Low Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level and Risk of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Children and Adolescents

Abstract: Lower serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with increased risk of laboratory-confirmed viral RTI in children from Canadian Hutterite communities. Interventional studies evaluating the role of vitamin D supplementation to reduce the burden of viral RTIs are warranted.

Cited by 124 publications

References 36 publications

Vitamins C, D and Zinc: Synergistic Roles in Immune Function and Infections

Vitamins C, D and Zinc: Synergistic Roles in Immune Function and Infections

Early-life origins of chronic respiratory diseases: understanding and promoting healthy ageing

Vitamin D represses rhinovirus replication in cystic fibrosis cells by inducing LL-37

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About