Low salinity water and polymer flooding in sandstone reservoirs: Upscaling from nano-to macro-scale using the maximum energy barrier

Jadhawar, Prashant; Saeed, Motaz

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2022.111247

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…This phenomenon increases the mobility of the crude oil and the key at the interface, resulting in lower intermolecular forces. Thus, CA values are reduced at higher temperatures, resulting in a more water-wet state at higher temperatures. ,,, …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of a Novel Green Nano Polymer for Chemical EOR Purposes in Sandstone Reservoirs: Synergetic Effects of Different Fluid/Fluid and Rock/Fluid Interacting Mechanisms

Khaksar Manshad,

Kabipour,

Mohammadian

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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In this research, a novel natural-based polymer, the Aloe Vera biopolymer, is used to improve the mobility of the injected water. Unlike most synthetic chemical polymers used for chemical-enhanced oil recovery, the Aloe Vera biopolymer is environmentally friendly, thermally stable in reservoir conditions, and compatible with reservoir rock and fluids. In addition, the efficiency of the Aloe Vera biopolymer was investigated in the presence of a new synthetic nanocomposite composed of KCl−SiO 2 −xanthan. This chemically enhanced oil recovery method was applied on a sandstone reservoir in Southwest Iran with crude oil with an API gravity of 22°. The Aloe Vera biopolymer's physicochemical characteristics were initially examined using different analytical instruments. The results showed that the Aloe Vera biopolymer is thermally stable under reservoir conditions. In addition, no precipitation occurred with the formation brine at the salinity of 80,000 ppm. The experimental results showed that adding ethanol with a 10% volume percentage reduced interfacial tension to 15.3 mN/m and contact angle to 108°, which was 52.33 and 55.56% of these values, respectively. On the other hand, adding nanocomposite lowered interfacial tension and contact angle values to 4 mN/m and 48°, corresponding to reducing these values by 87.53 and 71.42%, respectively. The rheology results showed that the solutions prepared by Aloe Vera biopolymer, ethanol, and nanocomposite were Newtonian and fitted to the Herschel−Bulkley model. Finally, core flooding results showed that the application of a solution prepared by Aloe Vera biopolymer, ethanol, and nanocomposite was effective in increasing the oil recovery factor, where the maximum oil recovery factor of 73.35% was achieved, which could be attributed to the IFT reduction, wettability alteration, and mobility improvement mechanisms.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, CA values are reduced at higher temperatures, resulting in a more water-wet state at higher temperatures. 77,78,80,81 3.2.5.3. CA Measurements of AVBP−Ethanol−NC Solutions.…”

Section: Wettability Alteration Measurements (Method) 3251 Ca Measure...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a Novel Green Nano Polymer for Chemical EOR Purposes in Sandstone Reservoirs: Synergetic Effects of Different Fluid/Fluid and Rock/Fluid Interacting Mechanisms

Khaksar Manshad,

Kabipour,

Mohammadian

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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“…Polymer flooding is the injection of polymer-containing aqueous solution into the reservoir from an injector driving the oil into the producer. Addition of polymer to the injected water increases the viscosity of the displacing (injected) phase, which improves the sweeping process by resulting in a favorable mobility ratio. − Combining the low-salinity waterflooding with polymer flooding utilizes the advantage of the wettability alteration induced by LSWF and the improved mobility control resulting from polymer flooding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Complexation Modeling of HPAM Polymer–Brine–Sandstone Interfaces for Application in Low-Salinity Polymer Flooding

Saeed

Jadhawar

2023

Energy Fuels

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Understanding the synergetic effects of wettability alteration by low-salinity waterflooding and mobility control by polymer flooding are important to assess the outcome of low-salinity polymer flooding in sandstone reservoirs. Moreover, investigating the interfacial chemical interactions within a polymer–brine–sandstone rock system allows for further understanding of the mechanistic mechanisms that dictate hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) polymer’s viscosity and adsorption on the sandstone surface. In this work, we utilize triple-layer surface complexation modeling in combination with the Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory to investigate the HPAM polymer–brine and sandstone–brine interactions that govern the polymer rheological properties. The ζ potential predicted from the proposed triple-layer model was used to investigate how salinity, polymer concentration, and temperature affect the viscosity of the HPAM polymer. We also propose the application of the novel concept of maximum energy barrier, calculated from the DLVO theory’s interaction potential curve, as an indicator of polymer adsorption on the rock surface. Analysis revealed that polymer solution viscosity and ζ potential are potentially inherently correlated. Moreover, analysis results showed that the maximum energy barrier can indeed be used to predict the polymer adsorption on the rock surface. Analysis of the factors controlling polymer adsorption using the maximum energy barrier concept led to the conclusion that higher brine salinity and lower temperature result in higher polymer adsorption. This is explained by the reduction in the energy barrier when higher brine salinity and lower temperature are encountered, which results in lower system stability leading to higher attraction between the polymer chains and the rock surface.

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“…Moreover, the study revealed that temperature had a beneficial effect on wettability alteration but posed challenges by adversely affecting viscosity. 16 Alfazazi et al experimented with the combination of low-salinity water and polymer as a strategy to mitigate the chemical degradation of polymers in carbonate reservoirs characterized by extremely high salinity. To address this challenge, they introduced a novel approach involving the injection of a lowsalinity water slug before initiating polymer flooding within high-salinity carbonate reservoirs.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their investigation highlighted that the effect of modifying the wettability on increasing oil recovery surpassed the impact of regulating mobility. Moreover, the study revealed that temperature had a beneficial effect on wettability alteration but posed challenges by adversely affecting viscosity . Alfazazi et al experimented with the combination of low-salinity water and polymer as a strategy to mitigate the chemical degradation of polymers in carbonate reservoirs characterized by extremely high salinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical-Enhanced Oil Recovery by Alkali/Sulfate Smart Water Flooding in Carbonate Reservoirs Using a Green Polymer Extracted from Plantago ovata Seed

Nowrouzi,

Mohammadi,

Manshad

2023

Energy Fuels

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Low salinity water and polymer flooding in sandstone reservoirs: Upscaling from nano-to macro-scale using the maximum energy barrier

Cited by 9 publications

References 87 publications

Application of a Novel Green Nano Polymer for Chemical EOR Purposes in Sandstone Reservoirs: Synergetic Effects of Different Fluid/Fluid and Rock/Fluid Interacting Mechanisms

Application of a Novel Green Nano Polymer for Chemical EOR Purposes in Sandstone Reservoirs: Synergetic Effects of Different Fluid/Fluid and Rock/Fluid Interacting Mechanisms

Surface Complexation Modeling of HPAM Polymer–Brine–Sandstone Interfaces for Application in Low-Salinity Polymer Flooding

Chemical-Enhanced Oil Recovery by Alkali/Sulfate Smart Water Flooding in Carbonate Reservoirs Using a Green Polymer Extracted from Plantago ovata Seed

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