Low root‐to‐root transmission of a tobamovirus, yellow tailflower mild mottle virus, and resilience of its virions

Koh, SH; Li, H; Sivasithamparam, Krishnapillai; Admiraal, Ryan; Jones, Michael G. K.; Wylie, Stephen J.

doi:10.1111/ppa.12758

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Sprinkler irrigation increases contact between neighbouring seedlings and injures leaf tissues, we therefore expected the sprinklers to increase infectivity efficiency as occurred in studies of the mechanically transmitted Clavibacter michiganensis and Acidovorax citrulli (Chalupowicz, Dror, Reuven, Burdman, & Manulis‐Sasson, 2015; Frenkel et al, 2016). In our experiments, however, root‐to‐root disease transmission could also occur, although it was reported to be low (Koh et al, 2018). Our disinfectant efficiency study showed that stabilised chlorine formulation Klor Bac 2,000 ppm was highly efficient in disinfecting grafting knives and sowing trays (Figure 2; Table 3) and less efficient in inactivation of CGMMV as observed in seedling inoculation studies (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Paths of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus disease spread and disinfectant‐based management

Darzi

Lachman

Smith

et al. 2020

Annals of Applied Biology

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Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) assigned to the genus Tobamovirus is considered a major disease cause of cucurbits worldwide. A primary route for CGMMV disease spread is via mechanical contact. The virus is highly stable and adheres to various agricultural equipment. In the current study, we examined means to inactivate the virus and reduce disease spread via planting equipment and supplies using various chemicals. We have found that incubations of CGMMV‐infected cucumber plant extracts with MENNO‐Florades 2%, Virocid 3% or Green Up D 20% inactivated the virus and prevented disease spread in a biological assay. Stabilised chlorine formulation (KlorBac), which has the active ingredient troclosene‐sodium (sodium dichloroisocyanurate, SDIC) at 2,000 ppm, was efficient in disinfecting CGMMV‐contaminated grafting knives in 2 s. Similarly, immersing virus contaminated grafting knives for 2 s in 20% (wt/vol) non‐fat milk powder reduced infectivity of the contaminated knives. CGMMV‐contaminated nursery sowing trays could constitute a primary infectious viral source transmitted via irrigation water. CGMMV‐contaminated sowing trays immersed in KlorBac 2,000 ppm or active oxygen (Huwa‐San TR‐50) 1%, were efficiently disinfected. Interestingly, hydrophobic insulation of the CGMMV‐contaminated trays using dry silicone layers reduced initiation of the viral primary infection in CGMMV‐contaminated new sowing trays but was less efficient in CGMMV‐contaminated re‐used trays. Importantly, Septadine (0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate) was not effective in disinfection of grafting knives. Notably, CGMMV‐infected cucumber plant extract incubated with 20% (wt/vol) non‐fat milk powder was refractory to the milk suggesting that virus release from surfaces did not necessarily involve virus inactivation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Paths of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus disease spread and disinfectant‐based management

Darzi

Lachman

Smith

et al. 2020

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…The immunochemical reactions from the soil and root residue samples were as high as those in the positive control (Figure 8A,B). Tobamoviruses also have extremely stable virions [37]. The resilience of ToMV evaluated in the same soil and root residues after sterilization confirmed this trait.…”

Section: Ab-1 Antibody In Analysis Of Tomv Persistence and Resiliencementioning

confidence: 58%

Evaluation of New Polyclonal Antibody Developed for Serological Diagnostics of Tomato Mosaic Virus

Mrkvová

Hančinský

Grešíková

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Plant viruses threaten agricultural production by reducing the yield, quality, and economical benefits. Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) from the genus Tobamovirus causes serious losses in the quantity and quality of tomato production. The management of plant protection is very difficult, mainly due to the vector-less transmission of ToMV. Resistant breeding generally has low effectiveness. The most practical approach is the use of a rapid diagnostic assay of the virus’ presence before the symptoms occur in plants, followed by the eradication of virus-infected plants. Such approaches also include serological detection methods (ELISA and Western immunoblotting), where antibodies need to be developed for an immunochemical reaction. The development and characterization of polyclonal antibodies for the detection of ToMV with appropriate parameters (sensitivity, specificity, and cross-reactivity) were the subjects of this study. A new polyclonal antibody, AB-1, was developed in immunized rabbits using the modified oligopeptides with antigenic potential (sequences are revealed) derived from the coat protein of ToMV SL-1. the developed polyclonal antibody. AB-1, showed higher sensitivity when compared with commercially available analogs. It also detected ToMV in infected pepper and eggplant plants, and detected another two tobamoviruses (TMV and PMMoV) and ToMV in soil rhizosphere samples and root residues, even two years after the cultivation of the infected tomato plant.

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“…The viral species that conform to the genus Tobamovirus are subject to relevant attention in plant pathology [36], mainly due to the remarkable stability of virions, which can reproduce by contact and often cause significant diseases in various crops [37]. Knowledge about the transmission of viral particles between plants and their roots attaches mainly to contamination of the nutrient solution, contamination of plant residues, and raw materials such as plastics, equipment, and tools [17,38]. By performing serial dilutions, we were able to identify both the dilution endpoint (DEP) and examine the effects of ToBRFV infection on tomato plants.…”

Section: Host Plants Susceptible To Inoculation With Tobrfvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Exploration and Physicochemical Characteristics of Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus in Several Host Crops

Vasquez Gutierrez,

López López,

Frías Treviño

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) is considered an emerging disease and a viral pandemic for tomato consumers. The objectives of this research were to analyze the biological and physicochemical characteristics of ToBRFV in tomato and tobacco plants, as well as to evaluate its natural host range. Inoculant seeds were recovered from ToBRFV-infected tomato samples in Coahuila, Mexico, and confirmed by RT-PCR. In the first greenhouse experiment, tomato plants of the F1 hybrid variety 172–300 (Yüksel), infected with ToBRFV, were used to evaluate viral inclusions (VI), dilution endpoint (DEP), the incubation period (IP), and latency period (LP). In a greenhouse experiment, Nicotiana longiflora plants were inoculated with ToBRFV to determine the in vitro longevity (IVL) and thermal inactivation (TI) of the virus in sap. Finally, the inoculation of tomato plants grown in open fields was carried out to evaluate transmission to natural hosts. The plants tested for possible ToBRFV reservoirs near the inoculum source were inspected and confirmed by a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). The results indicate that the VIs on tomato leaves manifested as X-bodies and rounded, stacked plaques within epidermal cells. The DEP required to induce the infection in plants was from a ToBRFV concentration of 1 × 10−5.5, the IP of ToBRFV occurred 9 to 12 days post-inoculation, and LP could be detected one day after inoculation. The TI of ToBRFV in N. longiflora plants occurred at 85 °C for 30 min. Ipomoea purpurea, Mirabilis jalapa, Clematis drummondii, and Solanum tuberosum were newly identified hosts of ToBRFV. The results found contribute to a better understanding of the impact of ToBRFV, managing and preventing the spread of ToBRFV in diverse environments.

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Low root‐to‐root transmission of a tobamovirus, yellow tailflower mild mottle virus, and resilience of its virions

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Paths of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus disease spread and disinfectant‐based management

Paths of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus disease spread and disinfectant‐based management

Evaluation of New Polyclonal Antibody Developed for Serological Diagnostics of Tomato Mosaic Virus

Biological Exploration and Physicochemical Characteristics of Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus in Several Host Crops

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