Low psychosocial functioning in obsessive–compulsive disorder and its clinical implications

Mavrogiorgou, Paraskevi; Akyol, Meltem; Siebers, Frauke; Kienast, Thorsten; Juckel, Georg

doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2015.03.004

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Indeed, quality of life is significantly impaired in OCD patients, with social and emotional functioning being among the most greatly affected quality of life domains (8). Scores on psychosocial functioning are also lower compared to most other psychiatric disorders, and similar to schizophrenia, which is considered one of the most severe psychiatric disorders in terms of social impairments (9). Moreover, higher symptom severity has been found to be associated with poorer social adjustment (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Cognition and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Review of Subdomains of Social Functioning

2020

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Disturbances in social cognitive processes such as the ability to infer others' mental states importantly contribute to social and functional impairments in psychiatric disorders. Yet, despite established social, emotional, and cognitive problems, the role of social cognition in obsessive-compulsive disorder is largely overlooked. The current review provides a first comprehensive overview of social (neuro)cognitive disturbances in adult patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Results of our review indicate various social cognitive alterations. Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder show deficits in the recognition of affective social cues, specifically facial expressions of disgust, and more general deficits in theory of mind/mentalizing. Additionally, patients show heightened affective reactions and altered neural responding to emotions of self and others, as well as poor emotion regulation skills, which may contribute to poor social functioning of patients. However, the discrepancies in findings and scarcity of studies make it difficult to draw firm conclusions with regard to the specificity of social cognitive disturbances. The review offers directions for future research and highlights the need to investigate obsessive-compulsive disorder from an interactive social neurocognitive perspective in addition to the prevalent passive spectator perspective to advance our understanding of this intricate and burdensome disorder.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Cognition and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Review of Subdomains of Social Functioning

2020

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“…However, despite their feelings of concern for others people with OCD might fail to compassionately support others, as avoidance and rituals inhibit the ability to help effectively (O´Connor et al., 2007), which explains why even though they report higher compassion they do not show this on a behavioural level. The dysfunctional patterns in relationships of people with OCD (Abramowitz et al., 2013; Adam et al., 2012; Lochner et al., 2003; Mavrogiorgou et al., 2015; Ruscio et al., 2010) are therefore not explained by lower levels of social understanding or compassion. On the contrary, their symptoms might be a reflection of their over‐aroused empathy and their high concern and responsibility for the well‐being of others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OCD often affects social relationships negatively (Adam, Meinlschmidt, Gloster, & Lieb, 2012; Lochner et al., 2003; Ruscio, Stein, Chiu, & Kessler, 2010). Individuals with OCD show severe impairments in psychosocial functioning, as symptoms interfere with socializing, close relationships, and ability to study or work (Lochner et al., 2003; Mavrogiorgou, Akyol, Siebers, Kienast, & Juckel, 2015). This is for example reflected in more impairment in their family lives compared to people with other disorders like social anxiety or panic disorder, and higher rates of divorce and separation than people without OCD (Lochner et al., 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empathy, compassion, and theory of mind in obsessive‐compulsive disorder

et al. 2021

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Objectives. Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often suffer from impairments in social functioning. This study investigates differences in empathy, compassion, and Theory of Mind (ToM) in individuals with OCD as a possible cause for social functioning deficits.Design. Sixty-four individuals diagnosed with OCD and 62 healthy individuals completed a naturalistic behavioural task (EmpaToM) and a self-report measure (Interpersonal Reactivity Index, IRI). Methods. Three preregistered repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs).Results. People with OCD exhibited higher empathy levelsnamely increased sharing of others' sufferingin the EmpaToM task and reported more distress (IRI) compared with healthy individuals. Furthermore, no differences in compassion (EmpaToM) between both groups emerged, although people with OCD reported more concern for others (IRI) compared with healthy individuals. Concerning the ToM, no group differences were detected, neither in the behavioural task, nor self-report. Conclusion.By investigating OCD with diverse scientific practices we shed light on the higher levels of empathy exhibited by individuals with OCD, which are relevant for clinical practice and our understanding of OCD symptomatology. Practitioner Points• People with obsessive-compulsive disorder show higher levels of empathy, that is the increased sharing of others' suffering, compared with healthy individuals in both a traditional self-report and a naturalistic task.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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“…OCD is characterized by intrusive thoughts of aggressive behavior towards the child, often brutal, including for example chokehold. These imaginations produce anxiety and depression in the mother and avoidance behavior in fear of hurting the child [35].…”

Section: Perinatal Mood Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

May application of oxytocin be relevant in the therapy of perinatal mental disorders?

et al. 2023

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The perinatal period is a time, when mental diseases occur more frequently, than in other stages of life.Treatment of postpartum depression, psychosis, anxiety is a very hard task. Many psychotropic drugs display a toxic potential during the perinatal period. Hence, it seems that, searching for an alternative pharmacotherapy is relevant. Oxytocin is a substance, that may be successfully used in gynecological treatment. However, its potential is definitely greater. Studies from recent years indicated, that oxytocin is involved in complex pathomechanism of affective disorders. Latest outcomes indicate, that intranasal administration of oxytocin is effective in the treatment of anxiety-and depressive behaviors.The aim of the study is based on the question: Is oxytocin relevant for mental disorders in perinatal period therapy? This question was posed in order to gain psychiatric knowledge about perinatal period's mental problems and indicates putative novel therapeutic solutions.The research team has performed a review of the studies, searching well-known online scientific databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and MedLine.Our findings shed light on oxytocin's significance in a potential new therapy of perinatal mental disorders.Further studies should be focused on intranasal oxytocin administration and its effectivity in the treatment of mentioned diseases, adverse effects, pharmacovigilance, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.Still, scarce data from clinical studies do not allow the implementation of oxytocin in treatment of perinatal affective disturbances, despite of rationale psychobiological and pharmacological prerequisites. Hence, it is necessary to investigate the relation: oxytocin intervention -perinatal affective disorders.

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Low psychosocial functioning in obsessive–compulsive disorder and its clinical implications

Cited by 6 publications

References 50 publications

Social Cognition and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Review of Subdomains of Social Functioning

Social Cognition and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Review of Subdomains of Social Functioning

Empathy, compassion, and theory of mind in obsessive‐compulsive disorder

May application of oxytocin be relevant in the therapy of perinatal mental disorders?

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