Low PSI content limits the photoprotection of PSI and PSII in early growth stages of chlorophyll b-deficient wheat mutant lines

Abstract

In vivo analyses of electron and proton transport-related processes as well as photoprotective responses were carried out at different stages of growth in chlorophyll b (Chl b)-deficient mutant lines (ANK-32A and ANK-32B) and wild type (WT) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In addition to a high Chl a-b ratio, ANK mutants had a lower content of photo-oxidizable photosystem I (PSI, P m), and several parameters indicated a low PSI/PSII ratio. Moreover, simultaneous measurements of Chl fluorescence and P700 indicated a shift of balance between redox poise of the PSII acceptor side and the PSII donor side, with preferential reduction of the plastoquinone pool, resulting in an over reduced PSI acceptor side (high Φ NA values). This was the probable reason for PSI inactivation observed in the ANK mutants, but not in WT. In later growth phases, we observed partial relief of "chlorina symptoms," toward WT. Measurements of ΔA 520 decay confirmed that, in early growth stages, the ANK mutants with low PSI content had a limited capacity to build up the transthylakoid proton gradient (ΔpH) needed to trigger non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and to regulate the electron transport by cytochrome b 6/f. Later, the increase in the PSI/PSII ratio enabled ANK mutants to reach full NPQ, but neither over reduction of the PSI acceptor side nor PSI photoinactivation due to imbalance between the activity of PSII and PSI was mitigated. Thus, our results support the crucial role of proper regulation of linear electron transport in the protection of PSI against photoinhibition. Moreover, the ANK mutants of wheat showing the dynamic developmental changes in the PSI/PSII ratio are presented here as very useful models for further studies.

Salt response of photosynthetic electron transport system in wheat cultivars with contrasting tolerance

“…Photosynthesis is a process highly sensitive to any changes in environmental conditions; it is essential to keep the balance between light energy absorbed by photosystems and energy consumed by metabolic sinks (Ensminger et al 2006, Brestič et al 2015. In the present study, P n and g s were significantly reduced by salt stress in both cultivars (Figure 2).…”

Simultaneous regulation of antenna size and photosystem I/II stoichiometry in Arabidopsis thaliana

“…Therefore, the observation that the PSI/PSII ratio is lower in ch1-1 than in WT is reasonable (Brestic et al 2015;Kim et al 1993). When chlorophyll b is synthesized and LHC accumulates, the antenna size might be preferentially increased in PSII as discussed.…”

Saline stress enhanced accumulation of leaf phenolics in honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica Thunb.) without induction of oxidative stress

“…3b). The declined ETR was a positive response, which probably resulted from elevated dissipation of excess excitation energy by photoprotective mechanisms such as xanthophyll cycle (Brestic et al, 2015(Brestic et al, , 2016Jahns and Holzwarth, 2012). Therefore, oxidative damage was prevented by limiting ROS production in the leaves of honeysuckle under NaCl stress in the hydroponic experiments.…”