Low protein intake compromises the recovery of lactation-induced bone loss in female mouse dams without affecting skeletal muscles

Kanakis, Ioannis; Alameddine, Moussira; Scalabrin, Mattia; Hof, Rob J van 't; Liloglou, Triantafillos; Ozanne, Susan E.; Goljanek‐Whysall, Katarzyna; Vasilaki, Aphrodite

doi:10.1101/2020.05.02.073759

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Reconstruction of the image datasets was performed using NRecon and regions of interest were selected using Dataviewer and CTan software. Trabecular and cortical parameters were analysed using CTAn in the proximal metaphysis and midshaft using 400 and 100 slices, respectively [30,31] For trabecular bone analysis, mineralised cartilage served as a reference point [32].…”

Section: Micro-computed Tomography (Microct)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal protein intake as a determinant of skeletal muscle structure and function in mice – a pilot study

Kanakis

Giakoumaki

Pollock

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Sarcopenia is characterised by an age-related decrease in the number of muscle fibres and additional weakening of the remaining fibres, resulting in a reduction in muscle mass and function. Many studies associate poor maternal nutrition during gestation and/or lactation with altered skeletal muscle homeostasis in the offspring and the development of sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to determine whether the musculoskeletal physiology in offspring born to mouse dams fed a low-protein diet during pregnancy was altered and whether any physiological changes could be modulated by the nutritional protein content in early postnatal stages. Thy1-YFP female mice were fed ad libitum on either a normal (20%) or a low-protein (5%) diet. Newborn pups were cross-fostered to different lactating dams (maintained on 20% or 5% diet) to generate 3 groups analysed at weaning (21 days): Normal-to-Normal (NN), Normal-to-Low (NL) and Low-to-Normal (LN). Further offspring were maintained ad libitum on the same diet as during lactation until 12 weeks of age creating another 3 groups (NNN, NLL, LNN). Mice on a low protein diet postnatally (NL, NLL) exhibited a significant reduction in body and muscle weight persisting up to 12 weeks, unlike mice on a low protein diet only prenatally (LN, LNN). Muscle fibre size was reduced in mice from the NL but not LN group, showing recovery at 12 weeks of age. Muscle force was reduced in NLL mice, concomitant with changes in the NMJ site and changes in atrophy-related and myosin genes. In addition, μCT scans of mouse tibiae at 12 weeks of age revealed changes in bone mass and morphology, resulting in a higher bone mass in the NLL group than in the control NNN group. Finally, changes in the expression of miR-133 in the muscle of NLL mice suggest a regulatory role for this microRNA in muscle development in response to postnatal diet changes. Overall, this data shows that a low maternal protein diet and early postnatal life low-protein intake in mice can impact skeletal muscle physiology and function in early life while postnatal low protein diet favors bone integrity in adulthood.

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Section: Micro-computed Tomography (Microct)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Postnatal protein intake as a determinant of skeletal muscle structure and function in mice – a pilot study

Kanakis

Giakoumaki

Pollock

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…S2). Therefore, lactating females rely more on protein than NGNL females as this nutrient intake is likely associated with reproductive benefits (Kanakis et al 2020).…”

Section: Lactationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of reproductive state on activity budget, feeding behavior, and urinary C-peptide levels in wild female Assamese macaques

Touitou

Heistermann

Schülke

et al. 2021

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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The source of maternal energy supporting reproduction (i.e., stored or incoming) is an important factor determining different breeding strategies (capital, income or mixed) in female mammals. Key periods of energy storage and allocation might induce behavioral and physiological shifts in females, and investigating their distribution throughout reproduction helps in determining vulnerable phases shaping female reproductive success. Here, we examined the effects of reproductive state on activity budget, feeding behavior, and urinary C-peptide (uCP) levels, a physiological marker of energy balance, in 43 wild female Assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis). Over a 13-month study period, we collected 96,266 instantaneous records of activity and 905 urine samples. We found that early lactating females and non-gestating–non-lactating females follow an energy-saving strategy consisting of resting more at the expense of feeding and consuming mostly fruits which contributed to enhancing their energy intake and feeding efficiency. We found an opposite pattern in gestating and late lactating females who feed more at the expense of resting and consume mostly seeds, providing a fiber-rich diet. Storing food into cheek pouches increased throughout gestation while it decreased all along with lactation. Lastly, we found the highest uCP levels during late gestation. Our results reflect different feeding adaptations in response to the energetic costs of reproduction and suggest a critical role of fat accumulation before conception and metabolizing fat during gestation and lactation. Overall, our study provides an integrative picture of the energetics of reproduction in a seasonal species and contributes to our understanding of the diversity of behavioral and physiological adaptations shaping female reproductive success. Significance statement To offset their substantial energetic investment in reproduction, mammalian females may modify their behavior and the way they extract energy from their environment. In addition, as a result of heightened energy expenditure, female reproduction might trigger physiological shifts. To date, most studies investigated the energetic costs of female reproduction using either a behavioral or a physiological approach. To arrive at a more comprehensive picture, we combined behavioral data with a physiological marker of energy balance, i.e., urinary C-peptide, in a seasonal primate species in its natural habitat. Our results indicate that throughout the reproductive cycle, behavioral and physiological adaptations operate concomitantly, inducing modifications in female activity budget, feeding behavior, and suggesting shifts in fat use. Overall, our results illustrate the relevance of combining data on behavior and hormones to investigate breeding strategies in coping with the energetic costs of reproduction.

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Low protein intake compromises the recovery of lactation-induced bone loss in female mouse dams without affecting skeletal muscles

Cited by 2 publications

References 89 publications

Postnatal protein intake as a determinant of skeletal muscle structure and function in mice – a pilot study

Postnatal protein intake as a determinant of skeletal muscle structure and function in mice – a pilot study

The effect of reproductive state on activity budget, feeding behavior, and urinary C-peptide levels in wild female Assamese macaques

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