Low-Protein Diet Supplemented with Medium-Chain Fatty Acid Glycerides Improves the Growth Performance and Intestinal Function in Post-Weaning Piglets

Cui, Zhijuan; Wang, Xiaohong; Hou, Zhenping; Liao, Simeng; Qi, Ming; Zha, Andong; Yang, Zhe; Zuo, Gang; Liao, Peng; Chen, Yuguang; Tan, Bie

doi:10.3390/ani10101852

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The experiment lasted for 14 days. The growth performance of piglets was also presented in the previous study that no differences in average daily gain and feed/gain ratio among all treatments were observed ( 3 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Treatments were as follows: NP (Normal protein, normal-protein diet no antibiotics included); NC (Negative control, low-protein diet no antibiotics included); PC (Positive control, low-protein diet +75 mg/kg quinocetone, 20 mg/kg virginiamycin and 50 mg/kg aureomycin); MCT (low-protein diet + tricaprylin + tricaprin); GML (low-protein diet + glycerol monolaurate). The compositions and nutritional levels of the diet were presented in the previous study ( 3 ). The medium-chain fatty acid glycerides were obtained from Deyuanshun Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weaning stress induces villous shortening, crypt elongation, and poor digestive enzymes and nutritional transports in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets, which leading to a depressed digestive capacity and defense function of intestine ( 1 , 2 ). The previous study has showed that the addition of medium-chain fatty acid glycerides to a low-protein diet could improve the growth performance and intestinal barrier function of weaned piglets ( 3 ), but its mechanism is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Medium-Chain Fatty Acid Glycerides on Nutrient Metabolism and Energy Utilization in Weaned Piglets

et al. 2022

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Weaning stress induces the depressed digestive and absorptive capacity and insufficient intestinal energy supply. Medium-chain fatty acid glycerides have shown to improve the growth performance and intestinal barrier function of weaned piglets in the previous study. This study was aimed to investigate the regulation of medium-chain fatty acid glyceride on the nutrient absorption and energy utilization of weaned piglets. Nighty healthy weaned piglets were randomly assigned into five treatments: NP (Normal protein, normal-protein diet no antibiotics included); NC (Negative control, low-protein diet no antibiotics included); PC (Positive control, low-protein diet +75 mg/kg quinocetone, 20 mg/kg virginiamycin and 50 mg/kg aureomycin); MCT (tricaprylin + tricaprin group, low-protein diet + tricaprylin + tricaprin); GML (glycerol monolaurate group, low-protein diet + glycerol monolaurate). The results showed that GML treatment increased the ALP activity, concentrations of serine and methionine, MCT treatment increased concentrations of serine and 3-methyl-histidine but decreased TG concentration in serum. MCT and GML supplementations significantly promoted the lipase activity in the jejunum and ileum, as well as the AMP content in the ileal mucosa. GML addition significantly decreased the contents of butyric acid, isobutyric acid and total volatile fatty acid. In addition, medium chain fatty acid glycerides altered gene expressions involved in lipid metabolism, which showing the increases of AMPK2, CD36 and CGI58 and the decreases of MGAT2 and DGAT2 in the liver, as well as the increases of CD36, CGI58, MGAT2 and DGAT2 in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These findings showed that medium-chain fatty acid glyceride can effectively improve the absorption of nutrients and lipid metabolism of piglets to meet the energy demand of weaned piglets, and then regulate the growth and development of weaned piglets.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Medium-Chain Fatty Acid Glycerides on Nutrient Metabolism and Energy Utilization in Weaned Piglets

et al. 2022

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The small intestine is the main site for protein digestion and absorption and is also an important immune organ. Therefore, the maintenance of intestinal health could influence the growth performance (5) and immune status (6) of pigs. Lan et al (7) suggested that high protein (HP) diets led to lower ileal and colonic indices in rats related to the mucosal immune response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Crude Protein Levels Alter Diarrhea Incidence, Immunity, and Intestinal Barrier Function of Huanjiang Mini-Pigs During Different Growth Stages

et al. 2022

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Huanjiang mini-pig is an indigenous pig breed in China; however, the optimal dietary crude protein (CP) levels for this pig breed during different growth stages has not been standardized yet. This study investigated the effects of different CP levels on diarrhea incidence, immunity, and intestinal barrier function in pigs. A total of 360 Huanjiang mini-pigs were assigned to three independent trials and fed the following CP diets: 5−10 kg stage, 14, 16, 18, 20, and 22%; 10−20 kg stage, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20% and 20−30 kg stage, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18%. In the 5−10 kg stage, the 22%; diet increased the plasma IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α concentrations compared to the 14−20% diets and decreased IL-10 and TGF-β; however, these results were fluctuated in the later stages, including the decrease of IL-1β and IL-8 in the 20% group, TNF-α in the 18−20% groups, and the increase of IFN-γ in the 20% group at the 10−20 kg stage and the decrease of TNF-α in the 16% group at the 20−30 kg stage. The 20% diet increased the jejunal and ileal IL-10 concentration compared to the 14% diet at the 5−10 kg stage, as well as in the 16% diet compared to the 12% diet at the 10−20 kg stage. In addition, ileal IL-10 concentration was increased in the 16% diet compared to the 10, 12, and 18% diets at the 20−30 kg stage. Furthermore, the 18% diet at the 5−10 kg stage and the 16% diet at the 10−20 kg stage decreased jejunal IL-6 expression, whereas the 20% diet increased the TNF-α and IFN-γ at the 5−10 kg stage. The 20% diet increased the Claudin, Occludin, ZO-1, ZO-2, Mucin-1, and Mucin-20 expressions at the 5−10 kg stage, as well as TLR-2, TLR-4, and NF-κB in the 22 and 20% diets at the 5−10 and 10−20 kg stages, respectively. Collectively, these findings suggest optimal dietary CP levels of 16, 14, and 12% for Huanjiang mini-pigs during the 5−10, 10−20, and 20−30 kg growth stages, respectively; and provide the guiding significance of dietary CP levels for Huanjiang mini-pigs during different growth stages.

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Dietary supplementation with a blend composed of carvacrol, tannic acid derived from Castanea sativa and Glycyrrhiza glabra, and glycerides of medium chain fatty acids for weanling piglets raised in commercial farm

Marchetti,

Rebucci,

Lanzoni

et al. 2024

Vet Res Commun

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This study aimed to evaluate the dietary administration of a blend composed of carvacrol, tannic acid derived from Castanea sativa mill and Glycyrrhiza glabra, medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) glycerides for weanling piglets. An in vitro digestion followed by total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAC) assessment was performed before the in vivo application. At weaning, a total of 210 piglets were randomly allocated to two experimental treatments (7 replicates/15 piglets for each replicate). Control group (CTR) was fed a standard basal diet while the treated group (T) was fed the basal diet mixed with 1.500 mg/kg of blend. After in vitro digestion, TPC and TAC evidenced peaks at the end of oral and gastric phases in comparison to the intestinal one in line with the high content of phenolic compound (P < 0.05). Treatment conditioned body weight and average daily gain (P < 0.05), fecal score on 6, 7, and 8 d after weaning (P < 0.05). At 35d, the T group showed a decrease in salivary cortisol compared to CTR (P < 0.05). Duodenum and jejunum sections of T piglets revealed higher villi (P < 0.05), deeper crypts (P < 0.01), and increased V/C ratio (P < 0.01). CTR showed a higher expression of duodenal Occludin (P < 0.05). Jejunal E-cadherin and Occludin were more expressed in T jejunum sections (P < 0.05). Twelve differentially abundant genera were identified in T group caecal samples. Potentially harmful Clostridium sensu stricto 13 was reduced by the treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the tested blend positively affected salivary stress markers and the gut health of weaned piglets.

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Low-Protein Diet Supplemented with Medium-Chain Fatty Acid Glycerides Improves the Growth Performance and Intestinal Function in Post-Weaning Piglets

Cited by 23 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of Medium-Chain Fatty Acid Glycerides on Nutrient Metabolism and Energy Utilization in Weaned Piglets

Effects of Medium-Chain Fatty Acid Glycerides on Nutrient Metabolism and Energy Utilization in Weaned Piglets

Dietary Crude Protein Levels Alter Diarrhea Incidence, Immunity, and Intestinal Barrier Function of Huanjiang Mini-Pigs During Different Growth Stages

Dietary supplementation with a blend composed of carvacrol, tannic acid derived from Castanea sativa and Glycyrrhiza glabra, and glycerides of medium chain fatty acids for weanling piglets raised in commercial farm

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