Low‐profile circularly polarized GNSS antenna

Abstract

In this article, we present a low‐profile and low cost antenna for GPS (L1–L2–L5), Galileo (E5–E1–E2), and Glonass (G1–G2) standard. This antenna is a dual‐feed planar patch antenna with four slots to achieve dual‐band operation. The radiating element is fed by a wideband 90° quadrature hybrid coupler to obtain circular polarization on the both bands. The quadrature feeding is achieved using a three‐branch‐line hybrid coupler. The return loss bandwidth of the system (S11 ≤ −10 dB) is 22% in the lower band and 14% in the upper one. The axial ratio (AR) bandwidth in broadside direction (AR= 3 dB) is 20% in the lower band and 11.3% at the upper one. The antenna gain is 6 and 8.4 dBi in the normal direction at the central frequency of 1.23 and 1.6 GHz, respectively. The total dimensions of the antenna are 170 mm2 with a thickness of 7.524 mm. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2811–2814, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27175

Co-design and co-integration of multiband active antenna arrays for satellite radionavigation systems

“…1. Each antenna generates a right circular polarization (RHCP) [4]- [6] and covers two passbands centered at 1255 and 1575 MHz respectively, with a nominal gain of 20 dB. One can note that the antenna array is very compact for the working frequencies.…”

New Design of Compact Shorted Annular Stacked Patch Antenna for Global Navigation Satellite System Application

“…The excellent performances of the antenna are mainly due to the shorted annular stacked patch structure and four ports proximity-coupled probe-fed feeding mechanisms. Axial ratio and gain characteristics at low elevation are better than the other structures designed for GPS or GNSS application [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], which are compared in Table 2. The simulated and measured RHCP gain of the antenna at different frequencies are presented in Figure 12, and it is observed that the stable gain bandwidth can be obtained for gain > 2.5 dBi in the GNSS bands.…”

“…There are mainly three methods to achieve broadband performance of microstrip antennas, they are using two or more radiating structures which work at different but contiguous resonant frequencies [4,5], using coupling feeding scheme [6] and adding external matching circuits [7]. Several multi-band or wideband lowprofile antennas have been designed in the literature [8][9][10][11][12] for GPS or GNSS application. However, few of them can obtain broad beam width and good axial ratio at low elevation, which are useful to suppressing multipath interferences.…”

Comparison of different feeding techniques of a low-profile dual-band circularly polarized microstrip antenna

“…2 and Fig. 3, which is based on the study and the development seen in [3], [13] and [14], respectively. The concept behind this design was studied by many researchers, such as A. Heidari [15] and W. Liao [16], who produced two microstrip GPS antennas in rectangular and circular form with slots on the edges in order to enable dual band operation.…”