Low Prevalence of Antibodies Against Toxoplasma gondii in Chinese Populations

Xin, Shilin; Su, Ruijing; Jiang, Nan; Zhang, Longxian; Yang, Yurong

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00302

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…The overall owner seropositivity in this study of the 18.0% was lower than most previous serosurveys, including the 49.8% in San Carlos Island, Venezuela [ 25 ] and all other Brazilian studies, with the 68.7% in the Pará State, northern Brazil [ 26 ], the 50.4% in the Fernando de Noronha Island, far northeastern Brazil [ 3 ], the 41.5% [ 27 ] and the 36.8% [ 9 ] in the same Parana State, southern Brazil, and average of the 32.7% in southern and central-western Brazil [ 28 ]. Seropositivity in the present study was higher than the 12.4% in Panama [ 29 ] and the 5.1% in provinces of China [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Seropositivity of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Owners and Their Dogs Living on Island and Mainland Seashore Areas of Southern Brazil

et al. 2022

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Although toxoplasmosis has been considered among the most neglected zoonoses worldwide, no study has focused on the frequency and associated risk factors of owners and their dogs living on an island and mainland seashore areas. Accordingly, anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies were screened by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) in owners and dogs from three oceanic islands and two nearby mainland harbor areas, with associated risk factors for toxoplasmosis assessed by univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. Overall, anti-T. gondii seropositivity was observed in 59/328 (18.0%) owners and 66/283 (23.3%) dogs, with no statistical difference between owners (p = 0.360) and dogs (p = 0.655) from islands and mainland areas. Consumption of local water springs (p = 0.016; OR = 2.11) was an associated risk factor for T. gondii seropositivity, and owners with the habit of spring water intake were twice more likely seropositive (p = 0.014; OR = 2.14). Presence of anti-T. gondii antibodies in dogs was associated with seropositive owners (p = 0.008; OR = 2.81), household consumption of beef meat (p = 0.042; OR = 1.7) and chicken (p = 0.026; OR = 2.9). Despite being lower than the worldwide prevalence, toxoplasmosis seropositivity in owners and their dogs in southern Brazil was influenced by the positive owner, water source, and meat consumption, and not by inhabiting islands or seashore mainland areas, presence of dogs, cats, or both. In addition, drinking water quality should always be considered a critical risk factor for toxoplasmosis on islands.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Seropositivity of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Owners and Their Dogs Living on Island and Mainland Seashore Areas of Southern Brazil

et al. 2022

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“…In areas with low prevalence of T . gondii such as China (5.13%) [ 48 ] and Durango City, Mexico (6.1%) [ 49 ], T . gondii infection was shown to have a positive association with schizophrenia [ 50 – 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…gondii infection and psychiatric disorders despite low T . gondii prevalence in the general population [ 48 , 53 ]. Certainly, there are emerging reports with no evidence of associations between schizophrenia and toxoplasmosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is latent Toxoplasma gondii infection associated with the occurrence of schizophrenia? A case-control study

et al. 2022

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Introduction Neurotropic pathogens such as Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) which result in chronic infections in the brain are associated with mental illnesses. In view of this, a growing body of literature has revealed the possible interaction of schizophrenia and T. gondii infection. Method A case-control study was conducted from February 2018 to January 2019 among 47 Schizophrenia patients and 47 age and sex-matched controls. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Serum was used for serological analysis of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies through chemiluminescent immunoassay. Proportions and mean with standard deviations (SD) were used as descriptive measures and variables with p-values <0.05 were considered as statistically significant and independently associated with schizophrenia. Result The mean ages of schizophrenia patients and controls were 29.64 ± 5.8 yrs and 30.98 ± 7.3 yrs, respectively. We found that 81.9% (77/94) of the study subjects had a positive anti-T. gondii IgG antibody. While the difference is statistically insignificant, schizophrenic patients have a marginally higher seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis than controls (87.2% vs 80.9%; p = 0.398). Schizophrenia cases who live in homes with soil floors have a significantly higher T. gondii infection as compared to those who live in homes with cement/ceramic floors (90.9% vs 33.3%; p = 0.004). Furthermore, there was a significantly lower T. gondii infection among schizophrenic cases who were taking antipsychotic medication for more than three yrs (79.3% vs 100.0%, p = 0.039). On the other hand, among all study subjects who have T. gondii infection, subjects who are addicted to khat and alcohol were about seven times more likely to develop schizophrenia (71.4% vs 47.7%, OR = 7.13, p = 0.024). Conclusion Our data is not sufficient to show a significant positive correlation between T. gondii infection and schizophrenia. For study subjects with T. gondii infection, addiction to khat and alcohol is one of the risk factors for schizophrenia.

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“…Many studies have been limited to referring to infection rates among newborn who born from infected mothers, referring to the parasite's transmission through the placenta from the mother to the foetus and then the newborn. In a study conducted in China, the infection rate among children was 0.04% [15], in Iraq 25% [16], in Turkey 17.44% [17], in Ghana 58.5% [18], in Saudi Arabia 16.6% [19], and in Pakistan 19.35% [20].…”

Section: Usuallymentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

A-Ardi¹

2022

MJPS

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Toxoplasma infection during childhood may cause severe effects for children and the next offspring if does not treat. Here, we initiated a systematic review to estimate the global prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Iraqi children. From all databases for articles published between January 2000 and March 2021 and included studies that related the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in children (1 day – 15 years), the overall prevalence rate of Toxoplasmosis was evaluated with a 95% CI in globally and WHO regions. This result was performed as linear regression analyses to detect associations of the prevalence of Toxoplasmosis with the overall population number. As a result, 63 articles included 29342 children from 18 countries incorporated in the systematic analysis. The total globally prevalence rate of Toxoplasma in children was 0.2% (95% CI: 0.195 – 0.204 %). The prevalence rate was so highest in the Africa region 0.28 % (95%CI: 0.5- 0.55%) and lowest in the South America and USA regions 0.166% (95% CI: 0.01 – 0.33%). The prevalence rate among children is very high when compared with other groups of the population. These results require further examination and investigation of the parasite among children to reduce new infections occurrence or prevent complications of the disease.

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Low Prevalence of Antibodies Against Toxoplasma gondii in Chinese Populations

Cited by 12 publications

References 66 publications

Seropositivity of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Owners and Their Dogs Living on Island and Mainland Seashore Areas of Southern Brazil

Seropositivity of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Owners and Their Dogs Living on Island and Mainland Seashore Areas of Southern Brazil

Is latent Toxoplasma gondii infection associated with the occurrence of schizophrenia? A case-control study

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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