Low power passive RFID transponder frontend design for implantable biosensor applications

Abstract

This paper presents a passive 13.56 MHz RFID transponder frontend design using 0.18 µm CMOS Technology for implantable biosensor applications. Power is provided to the system through a dual output full wave rectifier that provides power at two different voltage levels; the low level to the transponder frontend to reduce its power consumption and the high level to the biosensor to increase its dynamic range. The low voltage operation of the frontend is supplemented further by a current starved design reducing its power consumption to a minimal and leaving most available power to the biosensor. The design is verified using HSPICE Simulation showing a maximum frontend power consumption of only 6.5 µW and leaving at least 88% of the available power for the biosensor's operation.

Advances in Complementary-Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor-Based Integrated Biosensor Arrays

“…The HSPICE simulation results also indicated the power consumption was less than 12% (6.5 μW) by design. Furthermore, a 1.4 V differential high supply voltage swing for biosensor operation was achieved using the full wave topology for the rectifier …”

“…Power-harvesting circuitry (M1–M12 are identical; body connection in all transistors is not shown for simplicity). Reprinted with permission from ref . Copyright 2011 IEEE.…”

“…Current-starved ring oscillator (all stages are identical). Reprinted with permission from ref . Copyright 2011 IEEE.…”

A new modulation scheme for low power consumption and small size passive RFID tags

“…So far, many digital modulation schemes for RFID system have been proposed [1]- [6]. Among them, the proposed on-off keying (OOK) modulation scheme [1], [2] uses low power consumption envelope detector demodulator.…”

“…While high power consumption is needed in the demodulator circuit to extract the data information. Although pulse width modulation (PWM) has solved most of the mentioned problems [6], by providing a small period of no carrier delay that does not affect the power harvester in an obvious way. This small period depends on the transmitted bit.…”