Low-power continuous-wave all-optical magnetic switching in ferromagnetic nanoarrays

Stenning, Kilian D.; Xu, Xiaofei; Holder, Holly H.; Gartside, Jack C.; Vanstone, Alex; Kennedy, Oscar W.; Oulton, Rupert F.; Branford, W. R.

doi:10.1016/j.xcrp.2023.101291

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The switching was observed in ferromagnet/ferrimagnet hybrid structures consisting of Ni 81 Fe 19 nanostripes prepared on top of YIG film. Alternatively, magnetization switching can be accomplished by all-optical tools without a magnetic field 23 . It may be a convenient way for MCM programming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnonic combinatorial memory

Balinskyy,

Khitun

2024

npj Spintronics

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In this work, we consider a type of magnetic memory where information is encoded into the mutual arrangement of magnets. The device is an active ring circuit comprising magnetic and electric parts connected in series. The electric part includes a broadband amplifier, phase shifters, and attenuators. The magnetic part is a mesh of magnonic waveguides with magnets placed on the waveguide junctions. There are amplitude and phase conditions for auto-oscillations to occur in the active ring circuit. The frequency(s) of the auto-oscillation and spin wave propagation path(s) in the magnetic part depends on the mutual arrangement of magnets in the mesh. The propagation path is detected with a set of power sensors. The correlation between circuit parameters and spin wave path is the basis of memory operation. The combination of input/output switches connecting electric and magnetic parts and electric phase shifters constitute the memory address. The output of the power sensors is the memory state. We present experimental data on the proof-of-the-concept experiments on the prototype with three magnets placed on top of a single-crystal yttrium iron garnet Y3Fe2(FeO4)3 (YIG) film. There are three selected places for the magnets to be placed. There is a variety of spin wave propagation paths for each configuration of magnets. The results demonstrate a robust operation with an On/Off ratio for path detection exceeding 35 dB at room temperature. The number of possible magnet arrangements scales factorially with the size of the magnetic part. The number of possible paths per one configuration scales factorial as well. It makes it possible to drastically increase the data storage density compared to conventional memory devices. Magnonic combinatorial memory with an array of 100 × 100 magnets can store all information generated by humankind. Physical limits and constraints are also discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…memory cells in conventional memory. It is important to develop a mechanism for fast and low-power consuming magnetization switching (e.g., all-optical magnetic switching 23 ) to make MCM attractive for RAM applications. This and many other questions and concerns deserve special consideration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnonic combinatorial memory

Balinskyy,

Khitun

2024

npj Spintronics

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“…1h-j). States may be locally written via surface probe or optical writing techniques [53][54][55][56] , giving a strongly programmable GHz meta-surface.…”

Section: Microstate Switching and Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A benefit of the approach described here is that by using the dipolar field of an adjacent 3D nanoisland layer to control vortex Article https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48080-z states, the nanostructures may remain symmetric and the dipolar field may be reconfigurably programmed on a per-island basis, for instance by using local magnetic writing 53,55 . The dipolar field control may also be effectively deactivated by preparing the control layer in a vortex state that has a far lower stray dipolar field than a macrospin state.…”

Section: Chiral Symmetry Breaking Of Magnetic Vortex Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastrong magnon-magnon coupling and chiral spin-texture control in a dipolar 3D multilayered artificial spin-vortex ice

Dion,

Stenning,

Vanstone

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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Strongly-interacting nanomagnetic arrays are ideal systems for exploring reconfigurable magnonics. They provide huge microstate spaces and integrated solutions for storage and neuromorphic computing alongside GHz functionality. These systems may be broadly assessed by their range of reliably accessible states and the strength of magnon coupling phenomena and nonlinearities. Increasingly, nanomagnetic systems are expanding into three-dimensional architectures. This has enhanced the range of available magnetic microstates and functional behaviours, but engineering control over 3D states and dynamics remains challenging. Here, we introduce a 3D magnonic metamaterial composed from multilayered artificial spin ice nanoarrays. Comprising two magnetic layers separated by a non-magnetic spacer, each nanoisland may assume four macrospin or vortex states per magnetic layer. This creates a system with a rich 16N microstate space and intense static and dynamic dipolar magnetic coupling. The system exhibits a broad range of emergent phenomena driven by the strong inter-layer dipolar interaction, including ultrastrong magnon-magnon coupling with normalised coupling rates of $$\frac{\Delta f}{\nu }=0.57$$ Δ f ν = 0.57 , GHz mode shifts in zero applied field and chirality-control of magnetic vortex microstates with corresponding magnonic spectra.

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“…These shifts can be programmed on a per-island basis in mixed array states (fig. 1h-j) via surface probe or optical writing techniques [48][49][50][51] , giving a strongly programmable GHz surface.…”

Section: Microstate Switching and Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastrong Magnon-Magnon Coupling and Chiral Symmetry Breaking in a 3D Magnonic Metamaterial

Dion,

Stenning,

Vanstone

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Strongly-interacting nanomagnetic arrays are ideal systems for exploring the frontiers of magnonic control. They provide functional reconfigurable platforms and attractive technological solutions across storage, GHz communications and neuromorphic computing. Typically, these systems are primarily constrained by their range of accessible states and the strength of magnon coupling phenomena. Increasingly, magnetic nanostructures have explored the benefits of expanding into three dimensions. This has broadened the horizons of magnetic microstate spaces and functional behaviours, but precise control of 3D states and dynamics remains challenging. Here, we introduce a 3D magnonic metamaterial, compatible with widely-available fabrication and characterisation techniques. By combining independently-programmable artificial spin-systems strongly coupled in the $\hat{z}$-plane, we construct a reconfigurable 3D metamaterial with an exceptionally high $16^N$ microstate space and intense static and dynamic magnetic coupling. The system exhibits a broad range of emergent phenomena driven by high-intensity inter-layer dipolar interaction, including ultrastrong magnon-magnon coupling with normalised coupling rates of $\frac{\Delta \omega}{\gamma} = 0.57$ and magnon-magnon cooperativity up to $C = 126.4$, GHz mode shifts in zero applied field and chirality-selective magneto-toroidal microstate programming and corresponding magnonic spectral control.

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Low-power continuous-wave all-optical magnetic switching in ferromagnetic nanoarrays

Cited by 3 publications

References 56 publications

Magnonic combinatorial memory

Magnonic combinatorial memory

Ultrastrong magnon-magnon coupling and chiral spin-texture control in a dipolar 3D multilayered artificial spin-vortex ice

Ultrastrong Magnon-Magnon Coupling and Chiral Symmetry Breaking in a 3D Magnonic Metamaterial

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