Low Power, Biologically Benign NIR Light Triggers Polymer Disassembly

Abstract

Near infrared (NIR) irradiation can penetrate up to 10 cm deep into tissues and be remotely applied with high spatial and temporal precision. Despite its potential for various medical and biological applications, there is a dearth of biomaterials that are responsive at this wavelength region. Herein we report a polymeric material that is able to disassemble in response to biologically benign levels of NIR irradiation upon two-photon absorption. The design relies on the photolysis of the multiple pendant 4-bromo7-hydroxycoumarin protecting groups to trigger a cascade of cyclization and rearrangement reactions leading to the degradation of the polymer backbone. The new material undergoes a 50% Mw loss after 25 sec of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation by single photon absorption and 21 min of NIR irradiation via two-photon absorption. Most importantly, even NIR irradiation at biologically benign laser power is sufficient to cause significant polymer disassembly. Furthermore, this material is well tolerated by cells both before and after degradation. These results demonstrate for the first time a NIR sensitive material with potential to be used for in vivo applications.

Optical properties of amphiphilic copolymer-based self-assemblies

“…Recently, a new type of polymers named self-immolative polymers are synthesized for amplifying response output of photo-cleavage polymers [33]. As shown in Fig.…”

Dual-Modality Image-Guided Surgery of Prostate Cancer with a Radiolabeled Fluorescent Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody

“…When tumors are covered by other tissue, the fluorescent signal may not be visible and tumors may be missed. The use of near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) dyes, which emit light in the near-infrared region (650-900 nm), can improve the tissue penetration depth to several millimeters (8). Recently, the first clinical trial using the antibody bevacizumab tagged to the NIRF dye IRDye800CW began (clinicaltrials.gov no.…”

Engineered photo-responsive materials for near-infrared-triggered drug delivery

“…A BHC-incorporated polymer capable of NIR-triggered degradation upon irradiation with biologically benign levels of NIR light was synthesized [42]. The design relies on the photolysis of the multiple pendant BHC protecting groups to trigger a cascade of cyclization of diamine linkers and rearrangement of phenols, leading to the degradation of the polymer backbone (Fig.…”